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1、VirginiaWoolfonHowtoReadaBookbyMariaPopova“Donotdictatetoyourauthor;trytobecomehim.Behisfellow-workerandaccomplice.”“Themind,thebrain,thetopofthetinglingspine,is,orshouldbe,theonlyinstrumentuseduponabook,”VladimirNabokovwroteinhistreatiseonwhatmakesagoodreader.“Partofareader’sjobistofindo
2、utwhycertainwritersendure,”advisedFrancineProseinherguidetoreadinglikeawriter.“MyencounterswithbooksIregardverymuchasmyencounterswithotherphenomenaoflifeorthought.Allencountersareconfigurate,notisolate.”HenryMillerconfessedinhisreflectionsonalifetimeofreading.Buthow,exactly,doesonereadabo
3、ok,andreaditwell?That’spreciselywhatVirginiaWoolfaddressedina1925essaytitled“HowShouldOneReadaBook?,”foundinTheSecondCommonReader(publiclibrary;publicdomain)—thesamecollectionof26exquisiteessaysthatgaveusWoolf’scritiqueofcriticismandaLiteraryJukeboxtreat.微信号：sat‐24001Woolfbeginswiththesam
4、edisclaimerofsubjectivitythatJohnSteinbeckissuedhalfacenturylaterinhissixtimelesstipsonwriting.Shewrites:Theonlyadvice…thatonepersoncangiveanother微信号：sat‐24002aboutreadingistotakenoadvice,tofollowyourowninstincts,touseyourownreason,tocometoyourownconclusions.Ifthisisagreedbetweenus,thenIf
5、eelatthelibertytoputforwardafewideasandsuggestionsbecauseyouwillnotallowthemtofetterthatindependencewhichisthemostimportantqualitythatareadercanpossess.Afterall,whatlawscanbelaiddownaboutbooks?ThebattleofWaterloowascertainlyfoughtonacertainday;butisHamletabetterplaythanLear?Nobodycansay.E
6、achmustdecidethatquestionforhimself.Toadmitauthorities,howeverheavilyfurredandgowned,intoourlibrariesandletthemtellushowtoread,whattoread,whatvaluetoplaceuponwhatweread,istodestroythespiritoffreedomwhichisthebreathofthosesanctuaries.Everywhereelsewemaybeboundbylawsandconventions—thereweha
7、venone.Shecautionsagainstbringingbaggageandpre-conceivednotionstoyourreading:[F]ewpeopleaskfrombookswhatbookscangiveus.Mostcommonlywecometobookswithblurredanddividedminds,askingoffictionthatitshallbetrue,ofpoetrythatitshallbefalse,ofbiographythatitshallbeflattering,
