Optical parametric oscillator far below thresholdExperiment versus theory.PDF

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1、PHYSICALREVIEWA,VOLUME62,033804Opticalparametricoscillatorfarbelowthreshold:ExperimentversustheoryY.J.LuandZ.Y.OuDepartmentofPhysics,IndianaUniversity±PurdueUniversityIndiannapolis,402N.BlackfordStreet,Indianapolis,Indiana46202~Received9February2000;published8August2000!T

2、hetheoryoftheopticalparametricoscillatorisexaminedandcomparedtotheexperimentintheregimeoffarbelowthreshold.Itisfoundthattheoutputstatehasnodifferencefromspontaneousparametricdown-conversionexceptthatthebandwidthofdown-conversionisreducedtothatoftheresonatorandtheconversio

3、nrateisenhancedbycavityresonance.Thereductionofthebandwidthofthedown-converted®eldsmakesitpossibleforadirectmeasurementofthetimeintervaldistributionbetweentwodown-convertedphotons.Theobserveddistributionsarewellexplainedbythetheory.Suchanarrow-bandtwo-photonsourcewill®ndw

4、ideapplicationsinquantuminformationprocessing.PACSnumber~s!:42.50.Dv,03.65.Bz,42.25.HzI.INTRODUCTIONmetricdown-conversionprocessaremixedtocreatequan-tumentanglementamongthem.QuantumentanglementisanBecauseofitsabilitytoproduceatwo-photonstatethatisessentialingredientinquan

5、tuminformationscience.Histori-highlyentangledinmanydegreesoffreedom,theprocessofcally,the®rstexperimentontheinterferencebetweentwospontaneousparametricfrequencydown-conversionhasindependentsourceswasperformedbyMagyarandMandelbeenthoroughlystudiedinrecentyearseversincethep

6、io-in1963@15#.Sinceclassicalsourceswereusedfortheopti-neeringworkbyBurnhamandWeinberg@1#andthemorecal®eldsinthatexperiment,itdoesnothaveanypracticalrecentworkbyFribergetal.@2#andHongandMandel@3#.Itapplicationinquantuminformationscienceotherthanserv-hasbeenwidelyappliedtot

7、hedemonstrationofquantumingasaproofofprinciple.Lateron,itwasshownthatthenonlocality@4,5#andquantuminterference@6±9#,andmorebandwidthoftheindependentsourcesmustbemuchsmallerrecentlytoquantuminformationprocessing@10±12#.Thethanthatofthedetectorsinordertoachievehighvisibilit

8、yintechniqueofphotoncountingisappliedintheseexperimentstheinterferencebetweenindependentstationa