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1、PublishedbytheUniversityofPennsylvania.Copyright©2005–2011byKarlT.UlrichThisworkmaybereproducedfreeofchargeunderaCreativeCommonslicensesolongas(1)thereproducedexcerptisatleastonecompletechapterinlength,(2)fullcitationismadeofthecompletebook,and(3)nochargeotherthantheact
2、ualcostofreproductionispassedalongtoendusers.Edition1.0PDFversionformattedfor8½by11printingOtherformatsavailableathttp://www.ulrichbook.org/ISBN978-0-9836487-0-3Written,designed,illustrated,andphotographedbyKarlT.Ulrich,exceptwherenoted.CoverPhoto:GlenMullaly(collection
3、ofspindleadaptersfor45rpmrecords)DESIGNcreationofartifactsinsocietyKarlT.UlrichContentsPreface1.IntroductiontoDesign2.ProblemSolvingandDesign3.DesignProblemDefinition4.Exploration5.Users,Experts,andInstitutionsinDesign6.TheArchitectureofArtifacts7.AestheticsinDesign8.Va
4、riety9.ConclusionAcknowledgmentsAbouttheAuthorColophoniiiPrefaceAsafreshmanenteringMITIintendedtobeaphysician,butearlyinmyfirstyearImadenewfriendswhoweretakingmechanicaldesigncourses.Theywerealwayscarryingaroundbagsofinterestingcomponentsanddisplayingmetalpartstheyhadma
5、deinthemachineshop.IwasbittenearlybythedesignbugandtookallthecoursesIcouldonthesubject.Myidentityasdesignerwassolidifiedin1979asawinneroftheMIT“2.70”designcontest(now2.007),anoutcomethatgavemenearcelebritystatusinthehacker-designercrowdatMIT.Iwasfortunatetohaveasprofess
6、orsErnestoBlanco,WoodieFlowers,DavidJansson,WarrenSeering,andotherswhoweredeeplycommittedtodesigneducation.KarlUlrich,age19,winningtheMIT“2.70”designcontest.Source:MIT.IdidmydoctoralworkintheMITArtificialIntelligenceLab,focusingonfundamentalsofdesigntheoryandmachinelear
7、ning,anddevelopedawholenewperspectiveonproblemsolvinganddesignfromRandyDavis,MarvinMinsky,PatrickWinston,andmanyotherreallyinterestingstudentsandfacultyinthatlab.TheAILabalsohadthebestshoponcampus,soafterhoursIdesignedandbuiltcoolstufflikearecumbentbicycle.Inthe25yearss
8、inceIwasastudentatMIT,I’vebeenluckytoleadaprofessionallifethatblendsteachingdesign,doingdesign,andresearchingd
