北京外国语大学1998年基础英语试卷 考研

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1、QQ:1226379964北京外国语1998年基础英语试卷Readthefollowingpassage:ARCHIBALDMACLEISH:BicentennialofWhat?AnaddressattheBicentennialcommemorationoftheAmericanPhilosophicalSocietyinPhiladelphiaItisacommonhumanpracticetoanswerquestionswithouttrulyaskingthemandtheAmerica

2、nbicentennialismerelythelatestinstance.EveryoneknowswhattheBicentennialcelebrates:the200thanniversaryoftheadoption,bytheContinentalCongress,oftheDeclarationofIndependence.ButnooneaskswhattheBicentennialisbecausenooneaskswhattheDeclarationwas.Theinstrum

3、entofannouncingAmericanindependencefromGreatBritain?Clearlythat:butisthatallitwas?IsitonlyAmericanindependencefromGreatBritainwearecelebratingonJuly4,1976——onlytheinstrumentwhichdeclaredourindependence?Therehavebeenotherdeclarationsofunilateralindepend

4、encefromGreatBritainwhichnooneislikelytorememberfor200years,muchlesstocelebrate.“Allmen”aresaidinthatdocumenttobecreatedequalandtohavebeenendowedwithcertainunalienablerights.Allgovernmentsareallegedtohavebeeninstitutedamongmentosecurethoserights——topro

5、tectthem.Arethese,then,Americanrights?Doubtless——butonlyAmerican?IsittheBritishGovernmentwhichisdeclaredtohaveviolatedthem?Unquestionably——buttheBritishGovernmentalone?Andtherevolutionagainsttyrannyandarrogancewhichishereimplied——isitarevolutionwhichAm

6、ericanindependencefromthemediocremajestyofGeorgeIIIwillwinoristheresomethingmoreintended?——somethingforallmankind?——foralltheworld?IntheolddaysQQ:1226379964whencollegeundergraduatesstillreadhistory,anyundergraduatecouldhavetoldyouthatthesearenotrhetori

7、calquestions:thattheywere,fromthebeginning,twoopinionsabouttheDeclarationandthattheywereheldby(amongothers)thetwogreatmenwhohadmosttodowithitscompositionanditsadoptionbytheCongress.JohnAdams,whosupportedtheDeclarationwithallhisformidablepowers,inclined

8、totheviewthatitwasjustwhatiscalleditself:adeclarationofAmericanindependence.ThomasJefferson,whowroteit,heldtheoppositeopinion:itwasarevolutionaryproclamationapplicabletoallmankind.“Mayitbetheworld”,hewrotetothecitizensofWashingtonafewda