自动循迹小车

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1、自动循迹控制小车TheAutomaticTrackingElectromotionVehicle摘要本系统通过采集光电传感器和驻极体的数据来实现电动小车的自动循迹和声控行驶。控制终端由C8051F020单片机最小系统构成，外围电路包括直流电机H桥驱动模块、光电传感器循迹模块、光电对管测速模块、声控模块、LCD显示模块等。运行中，系统通过采集光电传感器的数据并进行相应的比较计算来控制PWM波的输出，进而实现电机转速的实时调节；通过计数光电对管的输出脉冲来计算小车的行驶路程和实时速度；声控电路则将声音命令转换为

2、相应的数字量并作放大处理后输出到CPU进而可以声控小车的启停；而显示模块则能在小车行驶中实时显示其速度与路程。系统成本低，功耗低，小车调速平滑，过弯稳定，基本满足设计要求。关键词：C8051F020，自动循迹，光电传感器，声控，PWM调速，H桥驱动AbstractThissystemismainlytoimplementtheAutomaticTrackingandtheAcousticControloftheelectromotionvehiclebycollecttingthesignaldetecte

3、dfromthephotoelectricsensorandtheelectret.TheMinimumsystemofC8051F020SCMisthecorecontrolunit.TheperipheralcircuitconsistoftheH-bridgecircuitmoduleofcontinouscurrentdynamo,thephotoelectricsensortrackingmodule,thePTIRvelocitymeasurementmodule,theAcousticCont

4、rolmodule,theLCDdisplaymoduleandsoon.Intheoperationoftheelectromotionvehicle,thesystemprocessthedatawhichcollectedfromthephotoelectricsensorandcontrolthecharacterofthePWMwavebasedonit’sarithmetic.Andwiththis,therotatespeedofthecontinouscurrentdynamocanbeco

5、ntroledrealtime.Wecangetthevenueandthereal-timespeedofthevehiclefromtheLCD,whichareoperatedbytheCPUbasedontheshiftpulsesexportfromthePTIR.TheacousticcontrolunitcanconvertthevoicecommandtodigetalvalueandtransferittotheCPUafteramplified.Andthisisthevoiceswit

6、chtocontrolthevehicle’sstartandstop.Thedisplayunitistheonlyvisualmethodtoknowthecharacterofthevehicleduringtheoperation.Theholesystemislowcostandlowpower,andtheprocessissmoothduringspeedregulation.Keywords:C8051F020,AutomaticTracking,photoelectricsensor,Ac

7、ousticControl,PWMwave,H-bridgecircuit.目录一、系统设计要求......................................................................................................................-1-1、基本部分.................................................................................

8、.......................................-1-2、发挥部分........................................................................................................................-1-3、说明.................................