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1、1.IntroductionThischaptergivesanoverviewofthealgorithmsandtechnologywewilldiscussinthebook.ItstartswithanintroductiontodigitalsignalprocessingandwewillthendiscussFPGAtechnologyinparticular.Finally,theAlteraEP2C35F672C6andalargerdesignexample,includingchipsynthesis,timinganalysis
2、,floorplan,andpowerconsumption,willbestudied.1.1OverviewofDigitalSignalProcessing(DSP)Signalprocessinghasbeenusedtotransformormanipulateanalogordigitalsignalsforalongtime.Oneofthemostfrequentapplicationsisobviouslythefilteringofasignal,whichwillbediscussedinChaps.3and4.Digitalsign
3、alprocessinghasfoundmanyapplications,rangingfromdatacommuni-cations,speech,audioorbiomedicalsignalprocessing,toinstrumentationandrobotics.Table1.1givesanoverviewofapplicationswhereDSPtechnologyisused[6].Digitalsignalprocessing(DSP)hasbecomeamaturetechnologyandhasreplacedtraditio
4、nalanalogsignalprocessingsystemsinmanyapplications.DSPsystemsenjoyseveraladvantages,suchasinsensitivitytochangeintemperature,aging,orcomponenttolerance.Historically,analogchipdesignyieldedsmallerdiesizes,butnow,withthenoiseassociatedwithmodernsubmicrometerdesigns,digitaldesignsc
5、anoftenbemuchmoredenselyin-tegratedthananalogdesigns.Thisyieldscompact,low-power,andlow-costdigitaldesigns.TwoeventshaveacceleratedDSPdevelopment.OneisthedisclosurebyCooleyandTuckey(1965)ofanefficientalgorithmtocomputethediscreteFourierTransform(DFT).Thisclassofalgorithmswillbedis
6、cussedindetailinChapter6.Theothermilestonewastheintroductionoftheprogrammabledigitalsignalprocessor(PDSP)inthelate1970s,whichwillbediscussedinChap.9.Thiscouldcomputea(fixed-point)“multiply-and-accumulate”inonlyoneclockcycle,whichwasanessentialimprovementcomparedwiththe“VonNeuman”
7、microprocessor-basedsystemsinthosedays.ModernPDSPsmayincludemoresophisticatedfunctions,suchasfloating-pointmultipliers,barrelshifters,memorybanks,orzero-overheadinterfacestoA/DandD/Aconverters.EDNpublisheseveryyearadetailedoverviewofavailablePDSPs21.IntroductionTable1.1.Digitalsi
8、gnalprocessingapplications.AreaDSPalgorithmFilt
