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1、第32卷第1期中南林业科技大学学报Vol.32No.12012年1月JournalofCentralSouthUniversityofForestry&TechnologyJan.2012速生杨木材染色处理工艺的研究吕晓慧，朱林峰(中南林业科技大学材料科学与工程学院，湖南长沙410004)摘要：针对当前采用杨木单板为基材进行材色改良，处理过程中单板破损率高，后续加工复杂的现状，选用3种具有代表性的染料：酸性大红GR，活性黄K-RN，直接深棕B-NM，对杨木厚木(30mm)进行染色处理。选取染色温度、染色时间、促染剂N
2、a2SO4添加量和改性剂胺溶铜季铵盐添加量4个因素3个水平进行正交试验。利用环境扫描电镜观察染料在木材内部的分布状态。用90℃的皂液处理染色后试件30min后，测皂洗前后色差值，利用色差值变化评价其皂洗牢度。试验结果确定最优染色工艺条件:染色温度80℃，时间9h，促染剂Na2SO440g/L，改性剂5g/L。其中改性剂添加量对试件染色效果的影响最大，其次是染色温度和染色时间。酸性染料分布木材的导管腔内，活性染料存在木纤维细胞壁中，直接染料很难渗透到木材内部。皂洗结果确定活性染料抗流失性最好。在最优工艺条件下染色深度3
3、0mm，染透率100%，皂洗前后色差值9.98。关键字：速生杨木；染色处理；染透率；色差中图分类号：S784文献标志码：A文章编号：1673-923X(2012)01-0070-05Studyondyeingtreatmenttechnologyoffast-growingpoplarwoodLUXiao-hui,ZHULin-feng(SchoolofMaterialsScienceandEngineering,CentralSouthUniversityofForestry&Technology,Changsha
4、410004,Hunan,China)Abstract:Inviewofthepresentsituationthatdyeingindustryusespoplarveneerasbasematerialtomodifythecolor,havinghighbreakagerateoftheveneer,andcomplexsubsequentprocessing.Threerepresentativedyes(acidredGR,activeyellowK-RN,directdeepbrownB-NM),were
5、seleetedtodyethespecimenwith30mmthick.Inaspectsofdyeingtemperature,dyeingtime,acceleratingagentdosageandmodifierquaternaryammoniumsalt.Fourfactorsofthreelevelsfororthogonaltestswerecarriedout.ThedyestuffdistributioninthepoplarwoodwasobservedbyusingSEM.Measuredth
6、ecolordifferenceofdyedspecimenwasaftertreatedwithliquidsoapprocess30minunder90℃.Thesoapingfastnessofthedyedspecimenwasevaluatedbyusingcolordifferencesbeforeandaftertheliquidsoapmeasures.Testresultsshowtheoptimaldyeingprocessconditions:dyeingtemperature80℃,time9
7、h,theacceleratingagentNa2SO440g/L,modifier5g/L.Andmodifierdosagehadthegreatestimpactonthedyedepthofpoplarspecimen,followedbydyeingtemperatureandtime.SEMshowsthataciddyeswereobservedinthecatheter,reactivedyeswereobservedinthecellwallofwoodfiber.Itwasveryhardfordire
8、ctdyestopermeatethroughthewood.SoapingtestshowsthatthespecimendyedwithreactiveyellowK-RNhadthebestresistanceleachability.Intheoptimaldyeingtechnologyconditions,thedyeingdept
