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1、February1,200823:22ProceedingsTrimSize:9inx6inBill-muoniumMUONIUMLIFETIMEANDHEAVYQUARKDECAYS∗(LESSONSLEARNEDFROMMUONIUM)WILLIAMJ.MARCIANO†BrookhavenNationalLaboratoryUpton,NewYork11973Environmentaleffectsonthemuonlifetimearedescribed.Ageneraltheoremonthecancellationofboundsta
2、tephasespacesuppressionandfinalstateinteractionenhancementisillustratedformuoniumandmuonicatoms.Lessonsfromthoseboundmuonexamplesareappliedtothebdecaypuzzleandapparentinconsisten-ciesinKe3decayrates.1.IntroductionWhenaskedtospeakatthisSymposiumhonoringthedistinguishedscien-ti
3、ficcareerofVernonHughes,Iknewtheword“muon”wouldhavetoap-pearinmytitleandsomepropertyofthatparticlewouldprovidemytheme.Indeed,everyoneatYaleknowstheanswertoI.I.Rabi’sfamousquestion,arXiv:hep-ph/0403071v15Mar2004utteredwhenconfirmationofthemuon’sexistencewasannounced:“Whoordered
4、that?”ItmusthavebeenRabi’sstudentVernonHughes.Whoelsewasabletoforgesuchadistinguishedresearchcareerbasedtoalargemeasureonstudiesoforwiththatparticle?Betteryet,whynottalkaboutmuonium.IfVernonHugheslikedany-thingmorethanthemuon,itwasmuonium,thehydrogenlikeboundstateofµ+ande−.H
5、eandhiscollaboratorsdiscoveredmuonium1andlovinglystudieditsproperties.Someday,Ibelievethatmuoniumwillhavenumer-ousasyetunimaginedapplicationsinphysics,chemistryandlifesciences,2aglorioustributetoitsdiscovery.So,Idecidedtotalkaboutthemuoniumlifetime.Thatmayseemlikeapeculiarto
6、picforanentiretalk.Doesn’teveryoneknowthatmuoniumandthemuonhavethesamelifetime?Well,∗InvitedtalkpresentattheVernonHughesSymposium,YaleUniversity,November14–15,2003.†WorksupportedbyDOEGrantDE-AC02-98CH108861February1,200823:22ProceedingsTrimSize:9inx6inBill-muonium2theyarealm
7、ostthesame,butnotquite.Infact,whythedifferenceissosmallprovidesaninstructivelessononuniversalboundstateprinciplesthatfindapplicationsinatomic,nuclearandparticlephysics;threecommunitiesthatallclaimVernonHughesasafavoriteson.So,Ithink“lessonslearnedfrommuonium”isanappropriatethe
8、metosharewiththisdiverseaudiencethathasgatheredtorecallmemoriesofVernonHugh
