c#语言04-csharp面向对象编程基础(1)new

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1、OOⱘⳳℷᛣН•OOⱘⳳℷᛣНᰃՓᕫ䕃ӊᓔথ᥹䖥Ҏ㉏ⱘℷᐌᗱ㓈ˈᇚ䆌໮ॳᴹ⬅Ҏᅠ៤ⱘᎹ԰Ѹ㒭ᴎ఼এᅠ៤DŽ–ᴎ఼䇁㿔ç∛㓪䇁㿔ç催㑻䇁㿔–䴶৥䖛⿟ç䴶৥῵ഫç䴶৥ᇍ䈵•OOࣙᣀϔ༫↨䕗ᅠᭈⱘᮍ⊩ˈ⿟ᑣ䆒䅵াᰃ݊ЁϔϾ⦃㡖DŽ–䴶৥ᇍ䈵ⱘߚᵤ–䴶৥ᇍ䈵ⱘ䆒䅵–䴶৥ᇍ䈵ⱘ⿟ᑣ䆒䅵–ҷⷕ䞡⫼䴶৥ᇍ䈵ⱘ⿟ᑣ䆒䅵ᗱᛇ•᠔᳝ϰ㽓䛑ᰃᇍ䈵DŽ•⿟ᑣᰃϔ໻ේᇍ䈵ⱘ㒘ড়˗䗮䖛⍜ᙃӴ䗦ˈ৘ᇍ䈵ⶹ䘧㞾Ꮕ䆹خѯҔМDŽ(ߚ㗠ࠊП)•↣Ͼᇍ䈵䛑᳝㞾Ꮕⱘᄬټぎ䯈ˈৃᆍ㒇݊Ҫᇍ䈵DŽ(⬅ᇣࠄ໻)•↣Ͼᇍ䈵䛑᳝ϔ⾡㉏ൟDŽ(Вϔডϝ)•ৠϔ㉏᠔᳝ᇍ䈵䛑㛑᥹ᬊⳌৠⱘ⍜ᙃDŽC#ⱘ䴶৥ᇍ䈵⡍ᗻ•߱㑻⡍

2、ᗻ˖OO᳔෎ᴀⱘὖᗉˈे㉏੠ᇍ䈵ˈࣙDŽ•Ё㑻⡍ᗻ˖OO᳔Ḍᖗⱘὖᗉˈेᇕ㺙ǃ㒻ᡓ੠໮ᗕDŽ•催㑻⡍ᗻ˖⬅߱㑻⡍ᗻ੠Ё㑻⡍ᗻᓩߎⱘϔѯ䯂乬ˈབᵘ䗴ߑ᭄ⱘՓ⫼ǃ㽚Ⲫⱘ㾘߭ǃ䴭ᗕব䞣੠ߑ᭄ㄝDŽ߱㑻⡍ᗻ•䴶৥ᇍ䈵ᡔᴃ᳔෎ᴀⱘὖᗉᰃ㉏੠ᇍ䈵˖–㉏ᰃϔϾḋᵓˈҹ᪡԰ǃ㸼⼎੠ㅫ⊩ⱘᔶᓣᅠᭈഄᅮНњϔ㒘ᇍ䈵ⱘ㸠ЎDŽᅗ䗮ᐌгᰃ䴶৥ᇍ䈵䇁㿔Ёⱘ῵ഫ࣪ǃᇕ㺙੠᭄᥂ᢑ䈵ⱘ෎⸔DŽ–ᇍ䈵ᰃ㉏ⱘϔϾᅲ՟ˈᰃϔϾ䕃ӊऩܗˈᅗ⬅ϔ㒘㒧ᵘ࣪ⱘ᭄᥂੠೼݊Ϟⱘϔ㒘᪡԰ᵘ៤DŽᇍ䈵ব䞣ᮍ⊩ᢑ䈵᭄᥂㉏ൟ•㉏ᅲ䰙ϞЎᅲ䰙ⱘ⠽ԧ೼䅵ㅫᴎЁᅮНњϔ⾡ᢑ䈵᭄᥂㉏ൟDŽ–ᢑ䈵᭄᥂㉏ൟᰃҙ⬅᭄᥂㉏ൟ੠ৃ㛑೼䖭Ͼ᭄

3、᥂㉏ൟϞ䖯㸠ⱘ᪡԰ᅮНⱘDŽ–Փ⫼㗙া㛑䗮䖛᪡԰ᮍ⊩ᴹ䆓䯂݊ሲᗻˈϡ⫼ⶹ䘧䖭Ͼ᭄᥂㉏ൟݙ䚼৘⾡᪡԰ᰃབԩᅲ⦄ⱘDŽclassCar{intcolorNumber;intdoorNumber;intspeed;voidBrake(){…}⦄ᅲ⫳⌏Ёⱘᇍ䈵voidSpeedUp(){…};voidSlowDown(){…}䅵ㅫᴎЁ}ᇍ䈵ⱘॳൟCarmyCar=newCar();myCar.SpeedUp();ব䞣ǃᮍ⊩੠⍜ᙃ•ᇍ䈵ⱘϝϾ෎ᴀ㽕㋴˖–ব䞣˖ᣛᇍ䈵ⱘ᭄᥂ˈ⫼ᴹᄬᇍ䈵ⱘ⢊ᗕˈজ⿄Ўᅲ՟ᄫ↉DŽ–ᮍ⊩˖ᣛᇍ䈵ⱘࡳ㛑ऩܗDŽ–⍜ᙃ˖䕃ӊᇍ䈵䗮䖛ⳌѦ䯈Ӵ䗦⍜ᙃ

4、ᴹⳌѦ԰⫼੠䗮DŽϔϾ⍜ᙃ⬅ϝ䚼ߚ㒘៤:⍜ᙃ1.᥹ফ⍜ᙃⱘᇍ䈵2.㽕ᅠ៤ᮍ⊩ⱘৡᄫ3.ᮍ⊩䳔㽕ⱘখ᭄བmyCar.SpeedUP(10);ᇍ䈵Bᇍ䈵A㉏ǃᇍ䈵੠ᓩ⫼•㉏˖C#᠔᳝ⱘҷⷕ䛑ᰃ೼ᶤϔϾ㉏Ёˈ಴ℸϡৃ㛑೼㉏П໪ⱘܼሔऎඳ᳝ব䞣੠ᮍ⊩DŽ•ᇍ䈵˖C#Ёⱘᇍ䈵ⳌᔧѢϔഫݙᄬऎඳˈᄬᇍ䈵⡍᳝ⱘ㉏Ё᠔ᅮНⱘ᭄᥂DŽ•ᓩ⫼˖C#ЁᇍѢᇍ䈵ⱘ᪡԰ܼ䚼䗮䖛ᓩ⫼䖯㸠DŽ•ᓩ⫼㉏ԐѢC++Ёⱘᇍ䈵ᣛ䩜DŽԚজ᳝ऎ߿˖–೼C#Ё”ᓩ⫼“ᰃᣛ৥ϔϾᇍ䈵೼ݙᄬЁⱘԡ㕂ˈ೼ᴀ䋼Ϟᰃϔ⾡ᏺ᳝ᕜᔎⱘᅠᭈᗻ੠ᅝܼᗻⱘ䰤ࠊⱘᣛ䩜DŽ–ᔧໄᯢᶤϾ㉏ǃ᥹ষ៪᭄㒘㉏ൟⱘϔϾব䞣ᯊˈব䞣ⱘؐᘏᰃ

5、ᶤϾᇍ䈵ⱘᓩ⫼៪㗙ᰃnullᓩ⫼DŽ–ᣛ䩜ህᰃㅔऩⱘഄഔ㗠Ꮖˈ㗠ᓩ⫼䰸њ㸼⼎ഄഔ㗠໪ˈ䖬ᰃ㹿ᓩ⫼ⱘ᭄᥂ᇍ䈵ⱘ㓽ᕅˈৃҹᦤկ݊ҪᙃDŽ–ᣛ䩜ৃҹ᳝++ǃ--䖤ㅫˈᓩ⫼ϡৃҹ䖤ㅫDŽ㉏ǃᇍ䈵੠ᓩ⫼ⱘໄᯢ•ໄᯢϔϾ㉏˖class㉏ৡ{ব䞣ໄᯢˈᮍ⊩ໄᯢ}classStudent̗longid;//ᄺোchargender;//ᗻ߿intclassID;//⧁㑻োˈ⊼ᛣϡ㛑⫼class԰ሲᗻৡvoidChangeClass(intaClassID)//᳈ᬍ⧁㑻{…}̙•ໄᯢϔϾᇍ䈵ᓩ⫼˖㉏ৡᓩ⫼ৡStudentstudent;•߯ᓎϔϾᇍ䈵˖new㉏ᵘ䗴ߑ᭄stud

6、ent=newStudent();//བᵰ㔎ᇥ䖭ϔℹ㓪䆥఼Ӯ᡹䫭•Փ⫼ᇍ䈵˖ᓩ⫼ৡ.ব䞣ৡ/ᮍ⊩ৡ(খ᭄)student.id=200328013203194;ᄬټ఼ߚ䜡•Studentstudent;//ໄᯢϔϾStudentᇍ䈵ᓩ⫼student00000000•student=newStudent();//߯ᓎϔϾᇍ䈵newStudent()student=student00000000student0x01abcdef00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000•Student

7、student2=student;//ᇍ䈵䌟ؐ–student0x01abcdefstudent20x01abcdef200328013203194000000000000ᓩ⫼Ϣᇍ䈵В՟ϸϾᓩ⫼ᣛ৥ϡৠⱘᇍ䈵ϸϾᓩ⫼ᣛ৥ৠϔϾᇍ䈵StudentxiaoMing=newStudent();StudentxiaoMing=newStudent();StudentxiaoFang=newStudent();StudentxiaoFang=xiaoMing;xiaoMing.gender=‘M’;xiaoMing.gender=‘M’;xiaoFang.gen

8、der=‘F’;xiaoFang.gender=‘F’;䇈ᯢ˖䇈ᯢ˖㒧ᵰxiaoMing.ge