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1、TechnicalreportfromAutomaticControlatLinköpingsuniversitetThehistoryoftheindustrialrobotJohannaWallénDivisionofAutomaticControlE-mail:johanna@isy.liu.se8thMay2008Reportno.:LiTH-ISY-R-2853Address:DepartmentofElectricalEngineeringLinköpingsuniversitetSE-58183Linköping,Swede
2、nWWW:http://www.control.isy.liu.seAUTOMATICCONTROLREGLERTEKNIKLINKÖPINGSUNIVERSITETTechnicalreportsfromtheAutomaticControlgroupinLinköpingareavailablefromhttp://www.control.isy.liu.se/publications.AbstractInthisreportsomephenomenaandeventsinthehistoryofindustrialrobotshav
3、ebeendescribed.Theprerequisitesaremainlytheearlyautomationintheindustry,togetherwiththeplayfulautomatons.Withthecomputerandlaterontheintegratedcircuit,itwaspossibletodevelopthefirstindustrialrobots.Thefirstrobotswereusedforsimpletasksaspickandplace,sincetheyhadnoexternalsen
4、sing.Theyreplacedhumansinmonotonous,repetitive,heavyanddangeroustasks.Whentherobotscouldmanagebothamorecomplexmotion,butalsohadexternalsensorcapacity,morecomplexappli-cationsfollowed,likewelding,grinding,deburringandassembly.Theusageofindustrialrobotscannowadays,roughlysp
5、eaking,bedividedintothreedifferentgroups;materialhandling,processoperationsandassembly.Ingeneral,industrialrobotsareusedtoreducecosts,increaseproductivity,improveproductqualityandeliminateharmfultasks.Theseareasrepresentthemainfactorsresultinginthespreadofroboticstechnolog
6、yinawiderandwiderrangeofapplicationsinmanufacturingindustry.However,introducingrobotsdonotsolveallproblems.Automation,productivity,employmentarecomplexquestionsandtheconnectionsbetweenrobotsandlabourcanbediscussedmuchmore.Keywords:Robot,automation,automaton,historyContent
7、s1Introduction32Howisanindustrialrobotcharacterised?42.1Fundamentallawsofrobotics........................42.2Thetermsroboticsandindustrialrobots..................43Historyofautomation63.1Mechanisationandrationalisation......................63.2Birthofcomputersandintegrate
8、dcircuits.................64Theearlystepsofindustrialrobots74.1FromantiqueautomatonstoNCmachines
