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1、外文翻译ElectricPowerSystemElectricPowerSystem,componentsthattransformothertypesofenergyintoelectricalenergyandtransmitthisenergytoaconsumer.Theproductionandtransmissionofelectricityisrelativelyefficientandinexpensive,althoughunlikeotherformsofenergy,electricityisnoteasilystoredadthusmustg
2、enerallybeusedasitisbeingproduced.ComponentsofanElectricPowerSystemAmodernelectricpowersystemconsistsofsixmaincomponents:(1)thepowerstation,（2）asetoftransformerstoraisethegeneratedpowertothehighvoltagesusedonthetransmissionlines,(3)thetransmissionlines,(4)thesubstationsatwhichthepoweri
3、ssteppeddowntothevoltageonthedistributionlines,(5)thedistributionlines,and(6)thetransformersthatlowerthedistributionvoltagetothelevelusedbytheconsumer’sequipment.PowerStation,thepowerstationofapowersystemconsistsofaprimemover,suchasatribunedrivenbywater,steam,orcombustiongasesthatopera
4、teasystemofelectricmotorsandgenerators.Mostoftheworld’selectricpowerisgeneratedinsteamplantsdrivenbyhydroelectric(waterpower),diesel,andinternal-combustionplants.Transformers,Modernelectricpowersystemsusetransformerstoconvertelectricityintodifferentvoltages.Withtransformers,eachstageof
5、thesystemcanbeoperatedatanappropriatevoltage.Inatypicalsystem,thegeneratorsatthepowerstationdeliveravoltageoffrom1,000to26,000volts(v).Transformersstepthisvoltageuptovaluesrangingfrom138,000to765,000Vfortorturetransferonthedistributionsystem.Anothersetoftransformersstepthevoltagedownag
6、aintoadistributionlevelsuchas2,400or4,160Vor15,27,or33kilovolts(kV).Finallythevoltageistransformedonceagainthedistributiontransformednearthepointofuseto240or120V.TransmissionLines,Thelinesofhighvoltagetransmissionsystemareusuallycomposedofwiresofcopper,aluminum-cladsteel,whicharesuspen
7、dedformtalllatticeworktowersofsteelbystringsofporcelaininsulators.Bytheuseofcladsteelwiresandhightowers,thedistancebetweentowerscanbeincreased,andthecostofthetransmissionlinethusreduced.Inmoderninstallationswithessentiallystraightpaths,high-voltagelinesmaybebuiltwithasfewassixtowerst
