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1、1DECEMBER2002HASHIZUMEETAL.3379DirectObservationsofAtmosphericBoundaryLayerResponsetoSSTVariationsAssociatedwithTropicalInstabilityWavesovertheEasternEquatorialPaci®c*HIROSHIHASHIZUME,1SHANG-PINGXIE,#MASATOMOFUJIWARA,@MASATOSHIOTANI,@TOMOWOWATANABE,&YOUICHITANIMOTO,*
2、*W.TIMOTHYLIU,1ANDKENSUKETAKEUCHI111JetPropulsionLaboratory,CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,Pasadena,California#InternationalPaci®cResearchCenterandDepartmentofMeteorology,UniversityofHawaii,Honolulu,Hawaii@RadioScienceCenterforSpaceandAtmosphere,KyotoUniversity,Kyot
3、o,Japan&TohukoNationalFisheriesResearchInstitute,Shiogama,Japan**GraduateSchoolofEnvironmentalEarthScience,HokkaidoUniversity,Sapporo,Japan11FrontierObservationalResearchSystemforGlobalChange,Yokosuka,Japan(Manuscriptreceived22March2002,in®nalform11June2002)ABSTRACTT
4、ropicalinstabilitywaves(TIWs),withatypicalwavelengthof1000kmandperiodof30days,causetheequatorialfronttomeanderandresultinSSTvariationsontheorderof18±28C.Verticalsoundingsoftemperature,humidity,andwindvelocitywereobtainedonboardaJapaneseresearchvessel,whichsailedthrou
5、ghthreefullydevelopedSSTwavesfrom1408to1108Walong28Nduring21±28September1999.Astrongtemperatureinversionisobservedthroughoutthecruisealong28N,cappingtheplanetaryboundarylayer(PBL)thatis1±1.5kmdeep.TemperatureresponsetoTIW-inducedSSTchangespenetratesthewholedepthofthe
6、PBL.InresponsetoanSSTincrease,airtemperaturerisesinthelowestkilometerandshowsastrongcoolingatthemeaninversionheight.Asaresult,thistemperaturedipoleisassociatedwithlittleTIWsignalintheobservedsealevelpressure(SLP).Thecruisemeanverticalpro®lesshowaspeedmaximumat400±500
7、mforbothzonalandmeridionalvelocities.SST-basedcompositepro®lesofzonalwindvelocityshowweakened(intensi®ed)verticalshearwithinthePBLthatisconsistentwithenhanced(reduced)verticalmixing,causingsurfacewindtoaccelerate(decelerate)overwarm(cold)SSTs.Takentogether,thetempera
8、tureandwindsoundingsindicatethedominanceoftheverticalmixingovertheSLP-drivingmechanism.Basedontheauthors'measurements,aphysicalinte
