exerciseofmoralagency道德能动性的运用

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1、Exerciseofmoralagency道德能动性的运用Inareasoffunctioninginvolvingachievementstrivingsandcultivationofcompetencies,thestandardsthatareselectedasamarkofadequacyareprogressivelyraisedasknowledgeandskillsareacquiredandchallengesaremet・在功能领域包括努力完成和能力的培养，标准被选择像获得知识技能和面对挑战一样被足够先进地培养的标志一样。Intheexerci

2、seofmoralagencytheinternalstandardsthatserveasthebasisforregulatingone'sconductaremorefirmlyestablished.在道德能动性的实践中，像管理一个人的行为举止的基础一样的国内的标准更加坚实稳固地被提出。Acompletetheoryofmoralagencymustlinkmoralreasoningtomoralaction.一个完整的道德能动性理论必须将道德论证与道德行为联系在一起。Thisrequiresanagentictheoryofmoralityrathert

3、hanoneconfinedmainlytocognitionsaboutmorality.这需要一个具有道德观特征的理论而不是一个主耍局限于对道德观的认知的理论。Anagentictheoryspecifiesthemechanismsbywhichpeoplecometoliveinaccordaneewithmoralstandards・这个具有此特征的理论具体说明了一个人们依照道徳标准来生活的机制。Insocialcognitivetheory,moralreasoningistranslatedintoactionsthroughself-regulato

4、rymechanismsrootedinmoralstandardsandself-sanctionsbywhichmoralagencyisexercised・在社会认知理论屮，道德论证被解释成通过植根于道德标准的自我调节行动和被道德能动性实践过的白我制裁。Afterpeopleadoptastandardofmorality,theirnegativeself-sanctionsforactionsthatviolatetheirpersonalstandards,andtheirpositiveself-sanctionsforconductfaithfult

5、otheirmoralstandardsserveastheregulatoryinfluences.人们接受了一个道徳观的标准后，他们消极的自我制裁活动侵犯了他们的个人标准，并且他们为了带领支持者接受他们的道德标准的积极的自我制裁活动像监管影响一样被提供。Inthefaceofsituationalinducementstobehaveininhumaneways,peoplecanchoosetobehaveotherwisebyexertingself-influenee.面对诱因即将表现为残忍的方式的情形下，人们可以选择运用口我影响来表现另一方面。Self-

6、sanctionskeepconductinlinewithpersonalstandards・白我制裁持续和个人标准一起串联地传导。Thiscapacityforself-influeneegivesmeaningtomoralagency.这种对自我影响的容纳能力赋予了道德能动性意义。Themoralselfisthusembeddedinabroadersocio-cognitiveselftheoryencompassingself-organizing,proactive,self-reflectiveandself-regulativemechanism

7、s(Bandura,1986,inpress)・道徳自身因此陷入了一个较广泛的社会认知自身理论包括自我组织的、有前瞻性的、自我反思的和自动调节的机制。Theseself-referentprocessesprovidethemotivationalaswellasthecognitiveregulatorsofmoralconduct・这些白我参照的过程体现了和道德行为监管者一样的积极性。Theexerciseofmoralagencyhasdualaspects一inhibitiveandproactive・道德能动性的实践有双重方面一一抑制的和采収主动的。T