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1、(1)前元音：[i:][i][e][æ]前元音发音要领：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，双唇不要收圆。[i:]唇形扁平,长元音e-be,even;ee-tree,need,see;ea-sea,eat,meat,read;ie-piece,field;ei-,ey-seize,key;i-police,machine;[i]唇形扁平i-it,sit,little,him;y-city,pity;e-pretty,English;a-village,private;[e]上下齿间可容纳一个食指e-egg,send,bed,went;ea-head,dead
2、;a-any,many; [æ]两齿间可以容纳食指和中指a-hand,pack,bag,pan;(2)中元音：[ʌ][ǝ:][ǝ]中元音发音要领：舌尖抵住下齿，不要用力抵紧。舌身的中部隆起，扁唇（双唇不要收圆）。[ǝ:]双唇和发[i:]时相似。不要发得太短er,ear-her,earth,heard;ir-bird,first,girl;ur-turn,nurse,church;w+or-word,work,worse;[ǝ]这个音和汉语普通话轻声的“么（me）”及“了(le)”中的短促元音“e”相似，但英语的[ǝ]在词末时发音比普通话的“e”长o
3、r-doctor,effort;a-woman,about;our-colour,neighbour;er-father,better,mother;[ʌ]开口程度和[æ]相似，唇形扁。u-up,sun,cut;o-done,color,monkey,Monday;ou-country,enough;oo-blood,4flood;(3)后元音：[ɑ:][ɔ][ɔ:][u][u:]后元音发音要领：①舌尖不触下齿，舌身后缩，舌后部向软颚抬起，除[ɑ:]外，双唇要收圆。②发[ɑ:][ɔ:][u:]时要注意长度，不要发得太短。[ɑ:]ar-car,are,s
4、tar,dark;cl-calm,half;eart-heart[ɔ]双唇稍稍收圆o-dog,sorry,holiday,on;a-was,what,want,watch;[ɔ:]双唇更圆更小，并用力向前突出。a-all,talk,salt,water;ore,oor,our-before,more,door,floor,four;[u]双唇收圆，稍向前突出。u-put,full,push;oo-good,foot,wood;ou-could,should,would;[u:]双唇比发[u]时收得更圆更小，向前突出oo-too,soon,food,mo
5、on;ou-you,group,soup;o-do,who,move;(4)双元音：[ei][ai][ɔi][ǝu][au][iǝ][uǝ][Ɛǝ]双元音发音要领：前重后轻，第一个元音响亮清晰。第二个元音轻弱模糊。前长后短，第一个元音较长。第二个元音较短促。[ei]a-face,lady,late,waste;ei,ey-eight,they,survey;ea-great,break;[ai]i,y-I,mine,write,try,cry;ie-die,lie;eye,buy,five;[ɔi]oi-noise,voice;oy-boy,toy,e
6、njoy;[ǝu]双唇由扁到略为收圆o-so,old,home;oa-coat,boat;ow-know,blow;[au]ou-out,sound,loud;ow-town,allow,now,[iǝ]ear-dear,ear,fear,near;ere-here;ea-idea;[Ɛǝ]are-care,share;air-air,chair,fair;ear-bear,wear;[uǝ]oor-poor;our-tour;ure-sure,pure,[1]爆破辅音：[p][b][t][d][k][g] 爆破音发音要领：[p][t][k]是清辅音，
7、发音时声带不振动，送气要强。4 [b][d][g]是浊辅音，发音时声带必须振动，送气要强。[p][b]双唇紧闭，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔。Pan,pet,open,boy,box,bag,bus;[t][d]舌尖紧贴上齿龈，形成阻碍，然后突然下降，气流冲出口腔。Ten,tip,teach,dead,did,do;[k][g]舌后部隆起，紧贴软颚，形成阻碍，然后突然离开，气流冲出口腔。Keep,key,cake,book,good,game,get,go,gift;[2]摩擦辅音：[f][v][s][z][ʃ][Ʒ][Ɵ][ð]摩擦音发
8、音要领：[f][s][ʃ][Ɵ]是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。 [v][z][Ʒ][ð]是浊辅音
