[The Princeton Economic History of the Western World] Philip T. Hoffman - Why Did Europe Conquer the World_ (2015, Princeton Univers

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1、WhyDidEuropeConquertheWorld?THEPRINCETONECONOMICHISTORYOFTHEWESTERNWORLDJoelMokyr,SeriesEditorAlistoftitlesinthisseriesappearsatthebackofthebook.WhyDidEuropeConquertheWorld?PhilipT.HoffmanPrincetonUniversityPressPrincetonandOxfordCopyright©2015byPrincetonUniversityPressPubli

2、shedbyPrincetonUniversityPress,41WilliamStreet,Princeton,NewJersey08540IntheUnitedKingdom:PrincetonUniversityPress,6OxfordStreet,Woodstock,OxfordshireOX201TWpress.princeton.eduJacketIllustration:TheBattleofBlindheimonAugust13,1704byJanvanVianen,engraving,printedinAmsterdamci

3、rca1704–1705.DeAgostiniPictureLibrary/BridgemanImages.JacketdesignbyFaceOutStudio.AllRightsReservedLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataHoffman,PhilipT.,1947–WhydidEuropeconquertheworld?/PhilipT.Hoffman.pagescm.—(ThePrincetoneconomichistoryoftheWesternworld)Includes

4、bibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN978-0-691-13970-8(hardcover:alk.paper)1.Balanceofpower.2.Europe—Foreignrelations—History.3.Europe—Militarypolicy—History.4.Technologyandstate—Europe—History.I.Title.D217.H5962015909.08—dc232014045170BritishLibraryCataloging-in-Publicatio

5、nDataisavailableThisbookhasbeencomposedinMinionPrintedonacid-freepaper.∞PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica10987654321ContentsChapter1Introduction1Chapter2HowtheTournamentinEarlyModernEuropeMadeConquestPossible19Chapter3WhytheRestofEurasiaFellBehind67Chapter4UltimateCauses:Exp

6、lainingtheDifferencebetweenWesternEuropeandtheRestofEurasia104Chapter5FromtheGunpowderTechnologytoPrivateExpeditions154Chapter6TechnologicalChangeandArmedPeaceinNineteenth-CenturyEurope179Chapter7Conclusion:ThePriceofConquest205AppendixAModelofWarandTechnicalChangeviaLearnin

7、gbyDoing215AppendixBUsingPricestoMeasureProductivityGrowthintheMilitarySector228AppendixCModelofPoliticalLearning231AppendixDDataforTables4.1and4.2233AppendixEModelofArmedPeaceandTechnicalChangeviaResearch234Acknowledgments239Bibliography241Index263WhyDidEuropeConquertheWorl

8、d?Chapter1IntroductionImaginethatatimemachinecouldcarryyoubacktotheyear900a