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1、ARTICLEINPRESSComputerNetworksxxx(2006)xxx–xxxwww.elsevier.com/locate/comnetInternetresiliencytoattacksandfailuresunderBGPpolicyroutingabc,*cDannyDolev,SugihJamin,Osnat(Ossi)Mokryn,YuvalShavittaSchoolofEngineeringandComputerScience,TheHebrewUniversity,Jerusalem91904,Israe
2、lbDepartmentofEECS,UniversityofMichigan,Michigan,UnitedStatescSchoolofElectricalEngineering,TelAvivUniversity,RamatAviv69978,IsraelReceived4August2004;receivedinrevisedform26June2005;accepted7November2005ResponsibleEditor:J.HouAbstractWeinvestigatetheresiliencyoftheIntern
3、etattheAutonomousSystem(AS)leveltofailuresandattacks,undertherealconstraintofbusinessagreementsbetweentheASs.TheagreementsimposepoliciesthatgovernroutingintheASlevel,andthustheresultingtopologygraphisdirected,andthusthereachabilitybetweenAsesisnottransitive.Weshow,usingpa
4、rtialviewsobtainedfromtheInternet,thattheInternet’sresiliencytoadeliberateattackismuchsmallerthanpreviouslyfound,anditsreachabilityisalsosomewhatlowerunderrandomfailures.Weusedifferentmetricstomeasureresiliency,andalsoinvestigatetheeffectofaddedbackupconnectivityontheresili
5、ency.Ó2006ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.Keywords:Directedgraph;ASrelationships;Valleyfreerouting1.Introductionattacksonstrategiclocations[3–5].Sucheventscanhappenasaresultofadisaster,oramanipu-1InrecentyearsthereisagrowinginterestinthelatedonlineattackonkeyInternetelement
6、s.InthisresiliencyoftheInternet,asitrepresentsthenet-researchwefocusonthelatter.work’savailabilityintimesofinstabilitiesorunderResearchinthefieldwasmotivatedbythefind-extremeconditions.ResearchinthisfieldtooktwoingthattheInternetAStopologycanbeclassifieddistinctpaths.Oneisthe
7、stabilityofroutingproto-asscalefree,belongingtoaclassofnetworksforcolsincaseoferrorsandfailures[1,2],andthewhichtheconnectivityresemblesapowerlawother,whichalsodrawsattentionoutsidethecom-puternetworkingcommunity,focusesontheresil-iencyoftheInternettorandomfailuresand1Whi
8、lethecollapseofanentirelargeISPseemsunlikely,itactuallyhappenedafewtimesintherecentpastforthelar
