[大英百科全书指南丛书].The.Britannica.Guide.to.Ancient.Civilizations-Mesopotamia,The.World's.Earliest.Civilization

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1、Publishedin2011byBritannicaEducationalPublishing(atrademarkofEncyclopædiaBritannica,Inc.)inassociationwithRosenEducationalServices,LLC29East21stStreet,NewYork,NY10010.Copyright©2011EncyclopædiaBritannica,Inc.Britannica,EncyclopædiaBritannica,andtheThistlelogoarer

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3、titles,calltollfree(800)237-9932.FirstEditionBritannicaEducationalPublishingMichaelI.Levy:ExecutiveEditorJ.E.Luebering:SeniorManagerMarilynL.Barton:SeniorCoordinator,ProductionControlStevenBosco:Director,EditorialTechnologiesLisaS.Braucher:SeniorProducerandDataEd

4、itorYvetteCharboneau:SeniorCopyEditorKathyNakamura:Manager,MediaAcquisitionKathleenKuiper:Manager,ArtsandCultureRosenEducationalServicesJeanneNagle:SeniorEditorNelsonSá:ArtDirectorCindyReiman:PhotographyManagerMatthewCauli:Designer,CoverDesignIntroductionbyDanFau

5、stLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataMesopotamia:theworld'searliestcivilization/editedbyKathleenKuiper.—1sted.      p.cm.—(TheBritannicaguidetoancientcivilizations)“InassociationwithBritannicaEducationalPublishing,RosenEducationalServices.”Includesbibl

6、iographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN978-1-61530-208-6(eBook)1.Iraq—Civilization—To634.I.Kuiper,Kathleen.DS71.M552010935—dc222009053644Onthecover:ThereconstructedIshtarGate,anenormousburnt-brickentrywaylocatedoverthemainthoroughfareintheancientcityofBabylon.Ishtaris

7、thegoddessofwarandsexualloveintheSumeriantradition.NicoTondini/RobertHardingWorldImagery/GettyImagesPp.17,40,66,78,115,133,150:PanelfromabronzedoorshowingthestormingoftheSyriancityofHazazu.DEA/G.DagliOrti/GettyImages23CONTENTSIntroduction10Chapter1:TheOriginsofMe

8、sopotamianHistory17BackgroundInformation17Tigris-EuphratesRiverSystem19TheCharacterandInfluenceofAncientMesopotamia20Cuneiform21Achievements22LawCodes24Classic