空心莲子草与底充氧技术对中华绒螯蟹扣蟹稻田养殖水质的改善

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1、研究了安装有底充氧设备和不安装底充氧设备的稻田扣蟹养殖水体的水质温度、溶氧、pH、浊度和水体中氨氮、亚硝氮含量。底充氧塘和非底充氧塘的水体温度均从6:00以后持续上升，至16:00时水体温度分别达到最高值30.5℃、32.1℃；随后水体温度从16:00持续下降，至翌日6:00时水体温度均降至最低值28℃；底充氧塘和非底充氧塘的溶氧、pH的变化趋势相一致，且与其相对应的温度变化趋势相一致，但底充氧塘和非底充氧塘的浊度变化趋势不同，时间段主要集中在12:00－16:00；底充氧塘溶解氧的昼夜变化范围是3

2、.80mg/g－7.92mg/g，非底充氧塘的溶解氧的昼夜变化范围是3.18mg/g－11.45mg/g，这很好地说明了底充氧设备加强了池塘水体上下水层的流动，维持了水体溶解氧的稳定。底充氧塘pH值的昼夜变化范围为6.83－8.27，非底充氧塘pH值的昼夜变化范围为7.12－8.91，说明底充氧塘水体的pH的变化幅度小，更适宜扣蟹的生长。另外，底充氧塘和非底充氧塘养殖水体中所含氨氮、亚硝氮含量的变化趋势也基本一致；底充氧塘氨氮、亚硝氮含量及其昼夜变化范围分别低于非底充氧塘氨氮、亚硝氮含量及其昼夜变化

3、范围，这也说明了底充氧设备对维持水体水质的重要性。关键词：稻田；空心莲子草；中华绒螯蟹；底充氧技术；水质；日变化；III万方数据AqueousImprovementforJuvenileE.sinensisculturebyAlternantheraphiloxeroidesandBottomAerationinPaddyFieldPondAbstractToassayrolesofaquaticplantsandbottomaerationsystemsinpaddyfieldponds,wate

4、rqualityfactorsweremeasuredduringthecultureseasonofjuvenileE.sinensis.TheresultsindicatedAlternantheraphiloxeroidesishelpfulinstabilizingaqueouswatertemperature,dissolvedoxygenandpHinpaddyfiledpond;increasinginfloralproteinandstarchstrengthens;enhancin

5、gATPaseactivity.Meanwhile,bottomaerationimprovestheculturalwaterquality.1.ChangesinwaterqualityfactorandfloralnutrientsThewatertemperaturewaslessthan24℃duringJune,thenspeeduptomorethan27℃lastingduringJulyandAugust,finalslowlydownto20℃fromJuly27toOctobe

6、r.Thewaterdissolvedoxygenwasmainlydependedontemperatureandclimate.SoluableproteinandstarchcontentsinJulywerelowerthanthoseinJune.Theminimumofsolubleproteinwas16.49mg/gonAugust31;andthemaximumvaluewas36.11mg/gonJune27.2.Thediurnalvariationofaquesousfact

7、orsInpaddyfieldponds,therisingtemperaturetimewasshortenedwhilethedroppingtemperaturetimewasextendedincomparisionwithsummerandautaum.Differeceinwatertemperaturebetweendayandnightinsummeralsogotsmallercomparedtothatinautaum.Comparedtothedatainautumn,diss

8、olvedoxygeninsummerwashigher;pHrangebecamesmaller;theminimalwatertemperaturewasat5:00andthemaximumwasat17:00.Thetrendsofdissolvedoxygenandwatertemperatureweresimilar.Butminimalvalueofdissolvedoxygenwasat7:00.ThetrendsofpHandtemperaturew