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1、***宾补***状语**过去分词**现在分词****不定式****动名词定语表语宾语主语词性**过去分词**现在分词***动词不定式*动名词副词形容词名词词性非谓语总结一.分词1.表语1.Thewindowisbroken.2.I’msurprisedtohearthat.3.Thisbookisinteresting.4.Heisswimming总结:现在分词表示主语的性质或正在进行的动作过去分词表示主语所处于的状态2.定语fallingleaves------fallenleavesboilingw
2、ater------boiledwater区别：现在分词表示正在进行的动作，过去分词表示已经完成的动作。总结:动名词表示所修饰名词的用途=n+for+doing现在分词表示所修饰名词的性质和正在进行的动作不定式放于所修饰名词后表示将进行的动作。=定语从句过去分词表示已经完成的被动的动作或状态1.awalkingstick=astickforwalking2.afallingleave=aleavewhichisfalling3.aninterestingstory=astorywhichisintere
3、sting4.Isthereanyonetogowithme?=Isthereanyonewhowillgowithme?5.alostboy=aboywhohasbeenlost6.arespectedteacher=ateacherwhoisrespected3、宾语补足语：其前的谓语动词多是感官动词和使让动词1.Hehadhisarmbroken.2.Heheardthedoorlocked.3.Hekeptwaterrunning.4,Iseehimplayingthefirenow.总结:1)
4、感官动词后面现在分词表示正在进行的动作过去分词表示被动状态。不定式表示已经完成的动作1.Ihearhimsinginginthenextroom.2.Ifoundhimlostinthethought.3.Iseehimcrosstheroadandrun.2)使让动词后面现在分词表示该动作持续一段时间过去分词表示让别人做或被动动作不定式表示将去做的动作。1.Sorrytohavekeptyouwaitingalongtime.2.Pleasehaveyourhaircuttomorrow.3.Yest
5、erdayIhadmybikestolen.4.状语1)时间状语1.Walkingalongthestreet,hemethisoldfriend.=Whenhewaswalkingalongthestreet,hemethisoldfriend.2.Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.=Whenitisseenfromhill,thecitylooksbeautiful.总结：1。分词等于when,while,after引起的时间状语从句2。在分词前可以加whe
6、n,while,after.2)原因状语1.Livinginthecountry,wehadfewamusements.=Aswelivedinthecountry,wehadfewamusements.2.Bornintoapoorfamily,hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling=Ashewasbornintoapoorfamily,hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling.总结：分词等于as,since,because引起的原因状语从句3)条件状语1.Knowi
7、nganythingaboutit,Iwilltellyouall.=IfIknowanythingaboutit,Iwilltellyouall.2.Givenmoretime,wearesuretofinishit.=Ifwearegivenmoretime,wearesuretofinishit.总结：1、分词等于if引起的条件状语从句2、有时可以在分词前加if4)让步状语1.Buyingalotofbooksfortheexam,hefailedinitbecauseofthelearningm
8、ethod.=Althoughhehadboughtalotofbooksfortheexam,hefailedinitbecauseofthelearningmethod.2.Laughedatbyeverybody,hehadmysympathy=Thoughhewaslaughedatbyeverybody,hehadmysympathy.总结：分词等于although,though,evenif,eventhough引起的状语从句，
