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1、LifeintheUK:AJourneytoCitizenshipChapter3.UKToday:aprofilePopulationIn2005thepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomwasunderunder60millionpeople.UKPopulation2005England84%ofthepopulation50.1millionScotland8%ofthepopulation5.1millionWales5%ofthepopulation2.9millionNorthernIreland3%oft
2、hepopulation1.7millionTotalUK59.8millionThepopulationhasgrownby7.7%since1971,andgrowthhasbeenfasterinmorerecentyears.AlthoughthegeneralpopulationintheUKhasincreasedinthelast20years,insomeareassuchastheNorth-EastandNorth-WestofEnglandtherehasbeenadecline.Boththebirthrateand
3、thedeathratearefallingandasaresulttheUKnowhasanageingpopulation.Forinstance,therearemorepeopleover60thanchildrenunder16.Thereisalsoarecordnumberofpeopleaged85andover.ThecensusAcensusisacountofthewholepopulation.Italsocollectsstatisticsontopicssuchasage,placeofbirth,occupat
4、ion,ethnicity,housing,health,andmaritalstatus.Acensushasbeentakeneverytenyearssince1801,exceptduringthesecondWorldWar.Thenextcensuswilltakeplacein2011.Duringacensus,aformisdeliveredtoeveryhouseholdinthecountry.Thisformasksfordetailedinformationabouteachmemberofthehousehold
5、andmustbecompletedbylaw.Theinformationremainsconfidentialandanonymous;itcanonlybereleasedtothepublicafter100years,whenmanypeopleresearchingtheirfamilyhistoryfinditveryuseful.Generalcensusinformationisusedtoidentifypopulationtrendsandtohelpplanning.EthnicdiversityTheUKpopul
6、ationisethnicallydiverseandischangingrapidly,especiallyinlargecitiessuchasLondon,soitisnotalwayseasytogetanexactpictureoftheethnicoriginofallthepopulationfromcensusstatistics.EachofthefourcountriesoftheUK(England,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland)hasdifferentcustoms,attitud
7、esandhistories.PeopleofIndian,Pakistani,Chinese,BlackCaribbean,BlackAfrican,Bangladeshiandmixedethnicdescentmakeup8.3%oftheUKpopulation.TodayabouthalfofthemembersofthesecommunitieswerebornintheUnitedKingdom.TherearealsoconsiderablenumbersofpeopleresidentintheUKwhoareofIris
8、h,Italian,GreekandTurkishCypriot,Polish,Australian,Canadian,NewZealandandAmericandescent.
