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1、7A版优质实用文档READING1READINGPASSAGE1Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-13whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.AIRPORTSONWATERRiverdeltasaredifficultplacesformapmakers.Theirriverbuildthemup,theseaswearsthemdown;theiroutlinesarealwayschangingThechangesin
2、China'sPearlRiverdelta,however,aremoredramaticthanthesenaturalfluctuations.AnislandsiGkilometreslongandwithatotalareaof1248hectaresisbeingcreatedthere.Andthecivilengineersareasinterestedinperformanceasinspeedandsize.Thisisabitofthedelatthantheywanttoend
3、ure.ThenewislandofChekLapKok,thesiteofHongKong'smewairport,is83%complete.Thegiantdumpertrucksrumblingacrossitwillhavefinishedtheirjobbythemiddleofthisyearandtheairportitselfwillbebuiltatasimilarlybreakneckpace.AsChekLapKokrises,however,anothernewAsianin
4、landissinkingbackintotheseas.Thisisa520-hectareislandbuiltinOsakaBay,Japan,thatservesastheplatformforthenewKansaiairport,ChekLapKokwasbuiltinadifferentway,andthushopestoavoidthesamesinkingfate.Theusualwaystoreclaimlandistopilesandrockontotheseabed.Whent
5、heseabedoozeswithmud,thisisratherlikeplacingateG157A版优质实用文档7A版优质实用文档tbookonawetsponge:theweightsqueezesthewaterout,causingbothwaterandspongetosettlelower.Thesettlementisrarelyeven:differentpartssinkatdifferentrates.Sobuildings,pipes,roadsandsoontendtobu
6、ckleandcrack.Youcanengineeraroundtheseproblems,oryoucanengineerthemout.Kansaitookthefirstapproach;ChekLapKokistakingthesecond.Thedifferencesarebothpoliticalandgeological.Kansaiwassupposedtobebuiltjustonekilometreoffshore,wheretheseabedisquitesolid.Fishe
7、rmenprotested,andthesitewasshiftedafurtherfivekilometres.Thatputitindeeperwater(around20metres)andaboveaseabedthatconsistedof20metresofsoftalluvialsiltandmuddeposits.Worse,belowitwasanot-very-firmglacialdeposithundredsofmetresthick.TheKansaibuildersreco
8、gnisedthatsettlementwasinevitable.Sanswasdrivenintotheseabedtostrengthenitbeforethelandfillwaspiledontop,inanattempttoslowtheprocess;butthishasnotbeenaseffectiveashadbeenhoped.Tocopewithsettlement,Kansai'sgiantterminalissupported
