化学沉积法制备纳米有序阵列及其性能研究

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1、化学沉积法制备纳米有序阵列及其性能研究摘要在草酸电解液中通过二次阳极氧化法制得多孔阳极氧化铝膜。以多孔氧化铝膜为模板，通过化学沉积法分别制备出Ni．P和Cu纳米线与纳米管。用透射电子显微镜和x射线衍射仪等研究了多孔氧化铝膜和Ni—P、Cu纳米线与纳米管的形貌、结构和生长机理，发现氧化铝膜的孔径大小相等，孔排列平行且垂直于膜面，孔分布有序，孔洞是较理想的圆形并在几个Hm范围内呈六角排布。组装的Ni—P纳米线具有很高的纵横比，纳米线的直径取决于氧化铝模板的孔洞口径，纳米线的长度取决于模板的厚度。室温下制备的Ni

2、．P纳米管的内径均一，且不受沉积时间的限制。Ni—P纳米线与纳米管阵列均为非晶结构。沉积的Cu纳米管随沉积时间的延长，纳米管内径逐渐减小，最终形成Cu纳米线。Cu纳米有序阵列为多晶结构，且无明显择优取向。用振动样品磁强计对Ni．P纳米线有序阵列进行磁滞回线测量，用分光光谱仪对纳米Cu粒子／A1203组装体进行光吸收测量。结果表明，组装的Ni．P纳米线有序阵列具有明显的垂直磁各向异性，在磁存储介质方面有很大应用前景，纳米阵列的磁各向异性是由形状各向异性引起的。纳米Cu粒子／A1203组装体光吸收谱上仅呈现出一

3、个吸收带边，无等离子共振吸收峰。关键词：纳米材料纳米线阵列多孔氧化铝模板二次腐蚀纳米管阵列化学沉积FabricationofOrderedNanoarraysbyElectrolessDepositionandTheirPropertiesAbstractInthispaper，porousaluminamembranewaspreparedbytwo—stepanodicoxidationinoxalicacidelectrolyte．Ni—PandCunanowirearraysandnanotubea

4、rrayswerefabricatedbyelectrolessdepositionusingporousaluminamembrane．TransmissionelectronmicroscopeandX—raydiffractionareemployedtostudythemorphology，structureandgrowingmechanismofNi—RCunanowiresandnanotubes．Theresultsshowthattheapertureshavethesamediamete

5、r．TheholesareparalleltoeachotherandperpendiculartothemembranesurfaceThedistributionofholeswithperfectcircularshapeisinhighlyhexagonalorderinseveralmicrons．ThefabricatedNi．Pnanowireshavehighaspectratio．Thediameterofnanowiresdependsonthecaliberofholesinalumi

6、natemplate，andthelengthofnanowiresdependsonthicknessofthetemplate．TheinnerdiameterofNi—Pnanotubespreparedatroomtemperatureisuniformandisindependentofdepositingtime．ThestructuresofbothNi-Pnanowiresandnanotubesareamorphous．Withthedepositingtimelasting，theinn

7、erdiameterofCunanotubesisdecreasing．TheCunanotubeswillfinallybecomenanowiresastimegoeson．ThestructuresofCuorderednanoarraysareamorphoustoo，andhaven’tobviouspreferredorientation．VibratingsamplemeterandspectrometerareemployedtostudythehysteresisloopsofNi-Pna

8、nowireorderedarraysandlightabsorptionofnanoCuparticlc／A1203assembledsystem，respectively，TheresultsindicatethatNi．Pnanowireorderedarrayhassharpperpendicularmagneticanisotropy，whichdependsontheshapeanisotropy．T