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1、Linux应用：概述http://www.ibm.com/develope—译文题目:EmbeddedLinuxapplications:Anoverview原文题目：嵌入式原文出处：Internetsource:-works/cn/linux/embed/embl/overview/index.htmlEmbeddedLinuxapplications:AnoverviewLinuxnowspansthespectrumofcomputingapplications,includingIBM'stinyLinuxw
2、ristwatch,hand-helddevices(PDAsandcellphones),Internetappliances,thinclients,firewalls,industrialrobotics,telephonyinfrastructureequipment,andevencluster-basedsupercomputers.Let'stakealookatwhatLinuxhastoofferasanembeddedsystem,andwhyit'sthemostattractiveoption
3、currentlyavailable.One・EmergenceofembeddedsystemsThecomputersusedtocontrolequipment,otherwiseknownasembeddedsystems,havebeenaroundforaboutaslongascomputersthemselves.Theywerefirstusedbackinthelate1960sincommunicationstocontrolelectromechanicaltelephoneswitches-
4、Asthecomputerindustryhasmovedtowardeversmallersystemsoverthepastdecadeorso,embeddedsystemshavemovedalongwithit,providingmorecapabilitiesforthesetinymachines-Increasingly,theseembeddedsystemsneedtobeconnectedtosomesortofnetwork,andthusrequireanetworkingstack,whi
5、chincreasesthecomplexitylevelandrequiresmorememoryandinterfaces,aswellas,youguessedit,theservicesofanoperatingsystem.Off-the-shelfoperatingsystemsforembeddedsystemsbegantoappearinthelate1970s，andtodayseveraldozenviableoptionsareavailable.Outofthese,afewmajorpla
6、yershaveemerged,suchasVxWorks,pSOS,Neculeus,andWindowsCE.Two.Advantages/disadvantagesofusingLinuxforyourembeddedsystemAlthoughmostLinuxsystemsrunonPCplatforms,Linuxcanalsobeareliableworkhorseforembeddedsystems.Thepopularnback-to-basicsHapproachofLinux,whichmake
7、siteasierandmoreflexibletoinstallandadministerthanUNIX,isanaddedadvantageforUNIXguruswhoalreadyappreciatetheoperatingsystembecauseithasmanyofthesamecommandsandprogramminginterfacesastraditionalUNIX.Thetypicalshrink-wrappedLinuxsystemhasbeenpackagedtorunonaPC,wi
8、thaharddiskandtonsofmemory,muchofwhichisnotneededonanembeddedsystem.AfullyfeaturedLinuxkernelrequiresabout1MBofmemory.However,theLinuxmicro-kernelactuallyconsumesverylittleo
