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1、译文题目：EmbeddedLinuxapplications:Anoverview原文题目：嵌入式Linux应用：概述原文出处：Internetsource:http://www.ibm.com/developer--works/cn/linux/embed/embl/overview/index.htmlEmbeddedLinuxapplications:AnoverviewLinuxnowspansthespectrumofcomputingapplications,includingIBM'stinyLinuxwristwatch,hand-helddevices(PDAsandcell
2、phones),Internetappliances,thinclients,firewalls,industrialrobotics,telephonyinfrastructureequipment,andevencluster-basedsupercomputers.Let'stakealookatwhatLinuxhastoofferasanembeddedsystem,andwhyit'sthemostattractiveoptioncurrentlyavailable.One.EmergenceofembeddedsystemsThecomputersusedtocontrolequ
3、ipment,otherwiseknownasembeddedsystems,havebeenaroundforaboutaslongascomputersthemselves.Theywerefirstusedbackinthelate1960sincommunicationstocontrolelectromechanicaltelephoneswitches.Asthecomputerindustryhasmovedtowardeversmallersystemsoverthepastdecadeorso,embeddedsystemshavemovedalongwithit,provi
4、dingmorecapabilitiesforthesetinymachines.Increasingly,theseembeddedsystemsneedtobeconnectedtosomesortofnetwork,andthusrequireanetworkingstack,whichincreasesthecomplexitylevelandrequiresmorememoryandinterfaces,aswellas,youguessedit,theservicesofanoperatingsystem.Off-the-shelfoperatingsystemsforembedd
5、edsystemsbegantoappearinthelate1970s,andtodayseveraldozenviableoptionsareavailable.Outofthese,afewmajorplayershaveemerged,suchasVxWorks,pSOS,Neculeus,andWindowsCE.Two.Advantages/disadvantagesofusingLinuxforyourembeddedsystemAlthoughmostLinuxsystemsrunonPCplatforms,Linuxcanalsobeareliableworkhorsefor
6、embeddedsystems.Thepopular"back-to-basics"approachofLinux,whichmakesiteasierandmoreflexibletoinstallandadministerthanUNIX,isanaddedadvantageforUNIXguruswhoalreadyappreciatetheoperatingsystembecauseithasmanyofthesamecommandsandprogramminginterfacesastraditionalUNIX.Thetypicalshrink-wrappedLinuxsystem
7、hasbeenpackagedtorunonaPC,withaharddiskandtonsofmemory,muchofwhichisnotneededonanembeddedsystem.AfullyfeaturedLinuxkernelrequiresabout1MBofmemory.However,theLinuxmicro-kernelactuallyconsumesverylittle
