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ID:33901473
大小:92.88 KB
页数:9页
时间:2019-03-01
《句子成分与句子类型学案讲与练(无答案)》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、句子成分与句子类型组成句子的各个组成部分叫句子成分:主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补语1•主语:是一个句子的主干部分之一,主语表明是“什么人",“什么事”.通常由名词,代词,不定式,动名词来充当.1・Lucylikeshernewbike.2.Weworkhard.3.Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy・4.Playingfootballafterschoolisgreatfun.2•谓语:说明主语做什么或怎么样,通常由动词充当。动词常分为实义动词,连系动词,情态动词和助动词.1.Theyworkveryhard.2.Tomfeelsmu
2、chbetternow.(系动词如isamaresoundlookfeeltasteseemsmellkeepbecome等表示状态,后而往往接形容词)△情态动词和助动词不能单独充当谓语,必须和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语.TheycanspeakEnglishwell.Theyareplayingoverthere.3•表语:跟在连系动词后面的词语或从句,用来说明主语的身份,特征,状态.Mysisterisanurse.Thetreesturngreen・Theflowerisbeautiful•Toseeistobelieve•4•宾语:动作行为的对象,说明主语做什么。
3、一般放在及物动词或介词后面.由名词,代词,数词,动词不定式,动名词或从句构成.2.1sawhimyesterday.1.WestudyEnglish.3.Hewantedtohaveapen.4.Shelikesplayingbasketball.5.Ourteachersaidthathewouldgothere.△双宾语:指人的是间接宾语,指物的是直接宾语1・Hegavemetwobooks・2.Iwillshowyoumystamps.5•定语:用来修饰名词或代词的词。Thisisaredcar.由形容词,形容词性物主代词,名词,不定式,介词短语等构成。Thewoma
4、ndoctorismywife・Ihavesomethingtotellyou.ThemaninfrontofthegateisMr.Li.6•状语:说明动作或状态特征,用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或整个句子。状语一般是副词,介词短语,动词不定式,以及after,when,assoonas,until,if,before等引起的从句.YouarequiterightTheyoftendrawinthepark.WecamehereinordertolearnEnglish.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillstayathome.7.宾补:补充说明宾语。(宾语和宾
5、补之间有逻辑上的主谓关系)宾语+宾补叫复合宾语,复合宾语有以下儿种类型:1.名词(代词)+不定式2.名词(代词)+分词3.名词(代词)+名词4.名词(代词)+形容词名词(代词)+不定式1.Johnaskedmetohelphim.2.Lethimgohome.3.1sawhercomeoutoftheroom.名词(代词)+分词(现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动)1.1foundhimstandingatthegate.2.Hemadehimselfheard.名词(代词)+名词(作宾补的表示独一无二的职位前不加the.)1.Theyappointedherheadoft
6、heEnglishDepartment.2.Theymadehimcaptainoftheship.名词(代词)+形容词l.Wemustkeeptheroomclean.2.Wefoundherbusy.3.1foundthestoryinteresting.简单句的五种基本句型注:S二Subject(主语)Vi=IntransitiveVerbs(不及物动词)Vt二TransitiveVerb(及物动词)P二Predicative(表语)O=Object(宾语)C=Complement补语1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)(S+Vi型)Hecame.Shedances.2.主语
7、+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(S+Vt+O)Isawher.TheylikewatchingTV.3.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+Vt+IO+DO)(IO=indirectobject,DO=directobject)Igaveherabook.Sheshowedherfriendsallthepictures.4.主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P)Iamastudent.Shelooksveryyoung.5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补(S+Vt+O+OC)IaskedMarytohelpme.Wecallour
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