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1、LegalOriginsAuthor(s):EdwardL.GlaeserandAndreiShleiferSource:TheQuarterlyJournalofEconomics,Vol.117,No.4(Nov.,2002),pp.1193-1229Publishedby:TheMITPressStableURL:http://www.jstor.org/stable/4132477Accessed:04/12/201022:50YouruseoftheJSTORarchiveindicatesyouracceptanceofJSTOR's
2、TermsandConditionsofUse,availableathttp://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp.JSTOR'sTermsandConditionsofUseprovides,inpart,thatunlessyouhaveobtainedpriorpermission,youmaynotdownloadanentireissueofajournalormultiplecopiesofarticles,andyoumayusecontentintheJSTORar
3、chiveonlyforyourpersonal,non-commercialuse.Pleasecontactthepublisherregardinganyfurtheruseofthiswork.Publishercontactinformationmaybeobtainedathttp://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=mitpress.EachcopyofanypartofaJSTORtransmissionmustcontainthesamecopyrightnoti
4、cethatappearsonthescreenorprintedpageofsuchtransmission.JSTORisanot-for-profitservicethathelpsscholars,researchers,andstudentsdiscover,use,andbuilduponawiderangeofcontentinatrusteddigitalarchive.Weuseinformationtechnologyandtoolstoincreaseproductivityandfacilitatenewformsofsc
5、holarship.FormoreinformationaboutJSTOR,pleasecontactsupport@jstor.org.TheMITPressiscollaboratingwithJSTORtodigitize,preserveandextendaccesstoTheQuarterlyJournalofEconomics.http://www.jstor.orgLEGALORIGINS*EDWARDL.GLAESERANDANDREISHLEIFERAcentralrequirementinthedesignofalegals
6、ystemistheprotectionoflawenforcersfromcoercionbylitigantsthrougheitherviolenceorbribes.Thehighertheriskofcoercion,thegreatertheneedforprotectionandcontroloflawenforcersbythestate.Suchcontrol,however,alsomakeslawenforcersbeholdentothestate,andpoliticizesjustice.Thisperspective
7、explainswhy,startinginthetwelfthandthirteenthcenturies,therelativelymorepeacefulEnglanddevelopedtrialsbyindependentjuries,whilethelesspeacefulFrancereliedonstate-employedjudgestoresolvedisputes.Itmayalsoexplainmanydifferencesbetweencommonandcivillawtraditionswithrespecttoboth
8、thestructureoflegalsystemsandtheobservedsocialandeconomicoutcomes.I.
