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1、ForestEcologyandManagement256(2008)1311–1319ContentslistsavailableatScienceDirectForestEcologyandManagementjournalhomepage:www.elsevier.com/locate/forecoAdaptiveriskmanagementforcertifiablysustainableforestrya,*,D.B.LindenmayerbB.A.WintleaCommonwealthEnvironmentRes
2、earchFacility(AEDA),SchoolofBotany,TheUniversityofMelbourne,Parkville,Victoria3010,AustraliabCommonwealthEnvironmentResearchFacility(AEDA),FennerSchoolofEnvironmentandSociety,TheAustralianNationalUniversity,Canberra,ACT0200,AustraliaARTICLEINFOABSTRACTArticlehisto
3、ry:Thepastdecadehasseenaglobalsurgeinforestmanagementcertification,withover200millionReceived22November2007hectaresoftheworld’sforestnowcertifiedassustainablyharvested.BecauseforestsaresomeofthemostReceivedinrevisedform19June2008species-richenvironmentsonearthandmor
4、ethan90%oftheworld’sforestsoccuroutsideformalAccepted23June2008protectedareasystems,forestmanagementcertificationwillbeoneofthepervasiveinfluencesonglobalbiodiversityfortheforeseeablefuture.WefindthatcurrentforestcertificationschemesarelargelyKeywords:deficientbecauset
5、heyfailtodemand:(i)measurablemanagementobjectivesforbiodiversity,(ii)formalForestcertificationriskassessmentofcompetingmanagementoptionsthatintegrateimpactsonbiodiversity,(iii)Adaptiveriskmanagementmonitoringthatdirectlyaddressesmanagementperformancerequirementsand
6、aclearplanforhowDuediligenceMonitoringmonitoringinformationwillbeusedtomakebettermanagementdecisions,and(iv)ongoingresearchPopulationviabilityanalysis(PVA)targetedtowardpracticesthatenhancebiodiversityinmanagedlandscapes.WearguethatthecredibilityMulti-modelinferen
7、ceofcertificationschemeshingesontheirabilitytodictatescientificallydefensiblemanagementsystemsforbiodiversityconservation.Wepresentaframeworkforadaptiveriskmanagement(ARM)ofbiodiversitythatisbothresponsiblyproactiveanddiligentlyreactiveandrecommenditsincorporationin
8、allcertificationschemes.WehighlighttheneedforsubstantialgovernmentandagencyinvestmentinfosteringARM.ß2008ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.1.Introduction‘‘co
