Chapter 20 – Emergency Care of Musculoskeletal Injuries

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1、CHAPTER20EMERGENCYCAREOFMUSCULOSKELETALINJURIESSilasT.MarshallandBruceD.Brownerdiagnosisandtreatmentofmusculoskeletalinjuriesmaybeusedepidemiologyoforthopedicinjuriesinthecareofthemultiplyinjuredpatient.terminologyfixationprinciplesTERMINOLOGYpatient

2、evaluationCommunicationamongcollaboratingspecialistsiscentraltoinitialmanagementpatientcare.Traumaandemergencydepartmentfindingsneedorthopedicemergenciestoberelayedpreciselytoconsultingspecialists.Thistaskispar-commonlongbonefracturesticularlychallen

3、ginginviewofthevarietyofanatomiclocations,challengesandcomplicationsfracturepatterns,andassociatedsofttissueinjuriesencounteredpostoperativemobilizationinorthopedics.Althoughmanyinjuriesareidentifiedbysummaryeponymswithintheorthopediccommunity,themos

4、tpracticalanduniversallyunderstoodcharacterizationsofinjuriesarethosethatadheretobasicanatomicandmechanicalprinciples.EPIDEMIOLOGYOFORTHOPEDICINJURIESFractureTypesAccidentscontinuetobeaprominentcauseofdeathanddis-Afractureisadisruptionofthenormalarch

5、itectureofbone.abilitythroughouttheworld.Inthefirst5decadesoflife,Fracturescanbeacute,subacute,orchronic.Acutefracturestraumaaccountsformoredeathsthananyothercause.Inallhavesharp,well-definededgesofthefragments.Subacutefrac-agegroups,accidentsarethef

6、ifthleadingcauseofdeathinthetureshavesignsofhealingpresentonx-ray.TheedgesbecomeUnitedStates.Ingeneral,theamountofenergyabsorbedbyabluntedandlesswelldefinedasbonyresorptionandnewbonemultiplyinjuredpatientcorrespondstotheextentofthemus-formationoccur.

7、Chronicfractureshavearoundedandscleroticculoskeletalinjuries.Becausehighenergyisfrequentlyinvolved,appearanceafterresorptionandremodelingofbonehasoccurredfracturesandsofttissueinjuriesarecommon.Campbelletalatthefractureends(Fig.20-1).Thisdistinctionc

8、anusuallybefounda49%incidenceofmusculoskeletalinjuryamong5900madeonclinicalexamination.Chronicfracturesareoftentraumapatientsseenatalevelontraumacenterfrom2004–termeddelayedunionsornonunions.Adelayedunionisdefined12006.Whenthedisabilityassociatedwith