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ID:33811060
大小:1.80 MB
页数:67页
时间:2019-03-01
《聚乙烯醇氯化钠混合体系的结构性能研究》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、提要本实验的研究目的是通过在聚乙烯醇(PVA)溶液中加入NaCl,使游离在溶液中的盐离子可以干扰PVA分子间和分子内氢键,减少大分子的缠结,从而有利于提高后面的热拉伸倍数,继而提高PVA材料的力学性能。本文作者提出了盐离子是水分子与PVA分子形成氢键的“催化剂”的新想法,即盐离子对PVA自身氢键的弱化是通过盐离子化的水分子与PVA分子链上—0H形成氢键来实现的。本实验从三个方面来着手:撮初测试了不同NaCI含量的PVA/NaCI溶液(溶剂为:H20/DMSO=60/40:体积比)的粘度,结果表明,NaCl含量为3wt%时,PVA溶
2、液具有较大的表观粘度:同时发现,H20/DMSO溶剂中DMSO比例越大,溶液的表观粘度也越大。然后通过光学显微镜、DSC热分析仪、FT—IR、拉曼光谱仪分析了NaCI含量对PVA/NaC]膜结构尤其是大分子间氢键的影响,测试表明,NaCl含量为3wt%时PVA/NaCl膜表面的均匀性较好,且膜的熔融温度较低:随NaCl含量的增加结晶度先增加后降低。同时发现当NaCl含量相同时,以H。O/DMSO作溶剂制得的PvA膜表面的均匀性较以纯水作溶剂制得的膜表面的好。晟后测试了不同含量NaCl的PVA/NaCl纤维的强度和模量。测试表明,在
3、相同的拉伸倍数下,3wt%NaCl的PVA/NaCI纤维具有较高的强度。关键词:PVA/NaCl溶液,PVA/NaCl膜,PVA/NaCl纤维,氢键,结构性能作者:应丽娜指导教师:戴礼兴AbstractInthis一’{study:,jNaClwasexpectedtodisrupttheinterandintrachainhydrogenbondingofthePVAchains,weakenthetangleofmacromoleculesinPVA/NaCIsolution,Itwouldinduceanincreaseof
4、hot~drawratioandbeinfavorofimprovementonmechanicalproperties.InthearticleNa+wereconsideredthe‘catalyst’offormationofhydrogenbondsbetweenH20moleculesandPVAmacromolecules。Namely,saltionpolarizedwatermoleculeinPVA/NaCIsolution,andthehydrogenbondsformedbetweenionizedwater
5、moleculesandPVAdecreasedthehydrogenbondsamongthemacrom01ecules.This,e7studyi?。wasdividedintothreepartsasfollows:Firstly,theviSCOSityofPVA/NaClsolution(solvent:H20/DMSO=60/40:volumeratio)withdifferentNaCIcontentwasdiscussed.TheresultshowedthattheviscosityofPVA/NaCIsolu
6、tioncontaining3wt%NaClwashigherthanthatofPVA/NaCIsolutionscontainning0,1,2,4,5wt%NaCl,andthemorewasDMSOpercentageinH20/DMSOsolvent,thehigherwasviscosityofPVA/NaCIsolution.SecondlY,theeffectsofNaCIcontentonstructureofPVA/NaCIfilms,especiallYonmacrom01ecularhydrogenbond
7、s.wereanalysedbythet’optical’:microscope,thedifferentialscanningcalorimetry,FT—IRandRafllan●spectrum.TheresultsshewedthattheuniformityofPVA/NaCtfilmcontaining3wt%NaClwasbetterthanthatofPVA/NaClfilmscontainning0,l,2,4,5wt%NaCl,andtheformerhadlowermeltingtemperature;the
8、degreeofcrystaliizationwasincreased"』thanincreaseofNaCIcontentandthendecreased.Besides,theresultsshowedthattheuniformityoffi
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