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1、Fogler,H.S.“ChemicalReactionEngineering”TheEngineeringHandbook.Ed.RichardC.DorfBocaRaton:CRCPressLLC,2000©1998byCRCPRESSLLC76ChemicalReactionEngineering76.1TheAlgorithmMoleBalances·RateLaws·Stoichiometry76.2PressureDropinReactors76.3MultipleReactions76.4HeatEffect
2、s76.5SummaryH.ScottFoglerUniversityofMichiganChemicalreactionengineering(CRE)setschemicalengineersapartfromotherengineers.StudentsandprofessionalscaneasilylearntheelementsofCREbecauseithasaverylogicalstructure.Thesixbasicpillarsthatholdupwhatyoumightcallthe"temple
3、"ofchemicalreactionengineeringareshowninFig.76.1.Figure76.1Pillarsofthetempleofchemicalreactionengineering.(Source:Fogler,H.S.1992.TheElementsofChemicalReactionEngineering,2nded.PrenticeHall,EnglewoodCliffs,NJ.)©1998byCRCPRESSLLCThepillarstructureshowninFig.76.1al
4、lowsonetodevelopafewbasicconceptsandthentoarrangetheparameters(equations)associatedwitheachconceptinavarietyofways.Withoutsuchastructure,oneisfacedwiththepossibilityofchoosingorperhapsmemorizingthecorrectequationfromamultitudeofequationsthatcanariseforavarietyofre
5、actions,reactors,andsetsofconditions.Thischaptershallfocusonfivetypesofchemicalreactorscommonlyusedinindustry:batch,semibatch,CSTR,plugflow,andpackedbedreactors.Table76.1describeseachofthesereactors.Table76.1ComparisonofFiveTypesofChemicalReactorsByusinganalgorith
6、mtoformulateCREproblems,wecanformulateandsolveCREproblemsinaverylogicalmanner.Step1intheCREalgorithmistobeginbychoosingthemolebalanceforoneofthefivetypesofreactorsshown.Instep2wechoosetheratelawandinstep3wespecifywhetherthereactionisgasorliquidphase.Finally,instep
7、4wecombinesteps1,2,and3andobtainananalyticalsolutionorsolvetheequationsusinganordinarydifferentialequation(ODE)solver[SachamandCutlip,1988].76.1TheAlgorithmWenowaddresseachoftheindividualstepsinthealgorithmtodesignisothermalreactors:(1)molebalances,(2)ratelaws,(3)
8、stoichiometry,and(4)combine.MoleBalancesThegeneralmolebalanceequation(GBE)onspeciesjinasystemvolumeVis:©1998byCRCPRESSLLC23232323Molar°owMolar°owMolarra
