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1、溶胶-凝胶论文：溶胶—凝胶与纳米材料修饰电极及其电化学性质【中文摘要】近年发展起来的溶胶-凝胶技术,其载体为无机多孔材料,具有许多高分子无法比拟的特性,为纳米材料的固定提供了更广阔的空间。纳米材料具有比表面积大、催化活性高、亲和力强等特点,在电催化及传感器材料领域有着广阔的应用前景。研究表明,电化学过程与电极材料的表面性质密切相关。由于该材料的尺寸效应和介电限域效应等特性,将纳米材料修饰到电极表面,能增加电流响应,降低检测限,大大提高检测的灵敏度。本论文致力于溶胶-凝胶与纳米材料修饰电极的制备及其电催化性能的研究,修饰电极
2、过程简单、方便,实现了将溶胶-凝胶、纳米材料、修饰电极和电分析化学的有机结合。主要工作如下:1.3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷单层修饰电极及其表面非均相扩散:铂纳米花的形成及其电催化性质3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷在铂电极表面形成单层修饰膜,诱导铂纳米花在其表面形成。我们通过场发射扫描电镜、X-粉末衍射和电化学方法表征了得到的铂纳米花的性能。本工作细致探讨了铂纳米花的生长机理,可能的解释是PtCl62-离子在铂电极表面的不均匀扩散。我们还发现铂纳米花修饰电极比铂纳米修饰电极对甲醇的氧化和氧气的【英文摘要】Recently,sol-gel
3、-basednanomaterialsanddeviceshavebeenextensivelyappliedinallkindsoffieldsduetotheirporousstructure,goodmechanicalstrengthandlong-termstability.Itiswell-knownthattheelectrochemicalresponsesofmodificationelectrodesarerelatedtotheelectrodematerials.Currentresponsecan
4、beimprovedanddetectionlimitcanbeextendedwhenthenanomaterialsmodifiedelectrodesareemployed.Themainworkofthispaperisfocusonpreparationofsol–gel-basedmaterialsandnovelnanomaterialsmodifiedelectrodes,whichhavebeenusedtoinvestigatetheelectrocatalyticproperties.Compared
5、withthetraditionalelectrodes,themodificationprocessissimpleandconvenient.Moreover,theaboveproposedelectrodeshavebeenusedtodetectandanalysizesomeanalysts,suchasmethanol,oxygen,andhydrogenperoxide.Thedetailsarelistedbelow:1.InhomogeneousDiffusiononElectrodeSurfaceIn
6、ducedby（3-Aminopropyl）triethoxysilaneMonolayer:theFormationofPtNanoflowersanditsElectrocatalysisHierarchicalflowerlikePt（Ptnanoflowers,PtNFs）nanostructureshavebeenformedonthesurfaceofPtelectrodeinducedby3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane（APTES）monolayer.Scanningelectron
7、microscopy,X-raypowderdiffraction,andelectrochemicalmethodshavebeenusedtocharacterizethepropertiesoftheseobtainedPtNFs.ThegrowthmechanismofthePtNFshasbeendiscussedcarefully,whichmaybeduetotheinhomogeneousdiffusionofPtCl62-ionsonthesurfaceofPtelectrode.Ithasbeenfou
8、ndthatthePtNFsmodifiedelectrodesexhibitexcellentelectrocatalyticactivitytowardstheoxidationofmethanolandthereductionofoxygencomparedtoPtnanoparticlesmod
