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1、GiorgioAgamben.WhatisaParadigm?GiorgioAgamben.WhatisaParadigm?LectureatEuropeanGraduateSchool.August2002.Agamben:Thistitle"WhatisaParadigm"seemstosuggestthatmypresentationwillfocusonepistemologicalandmethodologicalquestions.Idonotfeelatallitisaboutthesequestions,Idon’tlikethesekindofproblems,Ia
2、lwayshavetheimpression,asonceHeideggerputit,thatwehaveherepeoplebusysharpeningkniveswhenthereisnothinglefttocut.Butinthelifeofascholartherecomesatimewhenmethodologicalpremisesbecomenecessary.Asamatteroffact,intworecentbooksIhaveanalyzedfiguresandphenomenasuchasHomoSacerinRomanlaworderMusslemeni
3、nAuschwitzwhichareobviouslypropositivehistoricalphenomena.However,inmybookstheyweretreatedasparadigmswhosefunctionwastoestablishandmakeintelligibleawidersetofproblems.Thisbroughtaboutsomemisunderstanding,especiallyamongstthosepersonswhoingoodorinbadfaithseemedtothinkthatIwasillegitimatelyacting
4、asahistorian,usingfactsasmetaphorsandviceversa.Anywayweallmakeuseofparadigmsinourwork,butdowereallyknowwhataparadigmis,andwhatdoesitmeantouseaparadigminphilosophy,inthehumansciences,oreveninart?ThesearethequestionsIwilltrytoanswertoday.Feuerbachoncewrotethatthephilosophicalelementineachworkisit
5、sEntvicklungsfahigkeit,literally,itscapabilitytobedeveloped.Ifawork,beitaworkofscienceorartorscholarshiphassomevalue,itwillcontainthisphilosophicalelement.Itissomethingwhichremainsunsaidwithintheworkbutwhichdemandstobeunfoldedandworkedout.BythewayIthinkthisisaverygooddefinitionofphilosophy.Phil
6、osophyhasnospecificity,noproperterritory,itiswithinliterature,withinartorscienceortheologyorwhatever,itisthiselementwhichcontainsacapabilitytobedeveloped.Inasensephilosophyisscatteredineveryterritory.Itisalwaysadiaspora,andmustrecollectedandgatheredup.InanycasethisisthewayIliketowork,totrytodis
7、coverthisphilosophicalelement,thisEntvicklungsfahigkeit,intheworkoftheauthorIlike.Thisphilosophicalelement,touseBenjamin’swords,issimilartothefragmentofmessianictimescatteredanddisseminatedintheprofanetime.ThisistheonlymeaningIcan
