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1、论文——植物杂交试验(1865)ExperimentsinPlantHybridization(1865)byGregorMendelIntroductoryRemarksExperienceofartificialfertilization,suchasiseffectedwithornamentalplantsinordertoobtainnewvariationsincolor,hasledtotheexperimentswhichwillherebediscussed.Thestriki
2、ngregularitywithwhichthesamehybridformsalwaysreappearedwheneverfertilizationtookplacebetweenthesamespeciesinducedfurtherexperimentstobeundertaken,theobjectofwhichwastofollowupthedevelopmentsofthehybridsintheirprogeny.Tothisobjectnumerouscarefulobserv
3、ers,suchasKölreuter,Gärtner,Herbert,Lecoq,Wichuraandothers,havedevotedapartoftheirliveswithinexhaustibleperseverance.GärtnerespeciallyinhisworkDieBastarderzeugungimPflanzenreiche[TheProductionofHybridsintheVegetableKingdom],hasrecordedveryvaluableobs
4、ervations;andquiterecentlyWichurapublishedtheresultsofsomeprofoundinvestigationsintothehybridsoftheWillow.That,sofar,nogenerallyapplicablelawgoverningtheformationanddevelopmentofhybridshasbeensuccessfullyformulatedcanhardlybewonderedatbyanyonewhoisac
5、quaintedwiththeextentofthetask,andcanappreciatethedifficultieswithwhichexperimentsofthisclasshavetocontend.Afinaldecisioncanonlybearrivedatwhenweshallhavebeforeustheresultsofdetailedexperimentsmadeonplantsbelongingtothemostdiverseorders.Thosewhosurve
6、ytheworkdoneinthisdepartmentwillarriveattheconvictionthatamongallthenumerousexperimentsmade,notonehasbeencarriedouttosuchanextentandinsuchawayastomakeitpossibletodeterminethenumberofdifferentformsunderwhichtheoffspringofthehybridsappear,ortoarrangeth
7、eseformswithcertaintyaccordingtotheirseparategenerations,ordefinitelytoascertaintheirstatisticalrelations.Itrequiresindeedsomecouragetoundertakealaborofsuchfar-reachingextent;thisappears,however,tobetheonlyrightwaybywhichwecanfinallyreachthesolutiono
8、faquestiontheimportanceofwhichcannotbeoverestimatedinconnectionwiththehistoryoftheevolutionoforganicforms.Thepapernowpresentedrecordstheresultsofsuchadetailedexperiment.Thisexperimentwaspracticallyconfinedtoasmallplantgroup,andisnow,aftereightyears'p