《老人与海》中的及物性及其深层主题意义

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1、⑨硕士学位论文MASTER’STHESlS2．LiteratureReview2．1BriefIntroductiontoHalliday’sFunctionalGrammarAsformeaimofconstmctingSystemic—FunctionalGramm鸩Halliday(1994：xv)hassaid，“hldecidinghowmuchgroulldto仃ytocoVer，Ihavehadcenain鲥dingprinciplesin栅nd．TheaimhaSbeentoconstnlcta乒跗marforpu印osesofteXta11alySis：onetha

2、twouldm狄eitpossibletosaysensibleandusemlt11ingsabout跹yteXt，spokenorwritten，inmodemEn91ish．”HallidayViews1anguageaSaprima巧paradigmaticmeallingpotentialthat“10wspeopletomean，inagiVensituationwiminacertainculture，preciselybecauseitprovidesthemwithsetsofmeaning向llinguisticaltematiVes．Heisinterested

3、inwhatpeoplecalldowithl孤guage．nlespeakerchooses锄ongothersaspecificthingtosaytorealizeacertain向nction．AccordingtoHalliday(1994：133)，thef．unctionof1anguageisrealizednotonlyindifrerentusages，butalsointlleliIlguisticsystem，especiallyinthei衄erstmctureof1inguisticsyStem．、聃thinHalliday’s觚ctional仔锄ewor

4、k，the劬ctionof1aIlguagecallbegeneralizedaSideationalmeta向nction，inte叩ersonalmeta向nctiona11dteXtualmetaf．unction．Ideationalmeta胁ctionistor印resentthehappeningsoft11ewondaroundus：theextemalwo订dandtheintemalworld．AccordingtoT110Inpson(2000：76)，“lallguagerenectsollrViewoftheworldaSconsistingof‘goings

5、—on’(Verbs)i11V01Villgtllings(noulls)whichmayhaveatt曲utes(a由ectiVes)andwhichgoonagainstbackgrounddetailsofplace，time，m锄er，etc．(adVerbials)．”T11is丘mctionisrealizedbytrallsitiv岖Halliday(2004：170)haSsaid，“T11e仃ansitiV时systemconstmestheworldofexp翻enceintoamallageablesetofPROCESSTYPES．”TraIlsitiVity

6、isasystemfordesc曲iIlgtllewholeclausea11disconcemedwithunderstalldingapaniculardomainofoureXp舐ence嬲configurationsofaprocess，ttleparticipantsinV01VediIlitandthecirc啪stancesattendantonit．Inte印ersonalmeta血nctionisusedtorepresenttllerelationship锄ongpeople．‘‘Here，t11espeakerisusinglanguageasmemeaIlso

7、fmsownintrusionintot11eSpeech3#doldtelistener—nparticular，co舢municatinr0emteadopts，finf0珊ing，questioning，伊eeting，perSuading，aIte1ike’’(Halliday181：328)．hlte叩ersonlmetamnctinsmainyrealizdymosystmaIdmodali哆ModsmaepfSu功eta1dFinieelem