医学英语新教程-习题参考答案unit 2

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1、UnitTwoBodyTemperatureandMetabolismSectionA1—f2—j3—i4—a5—b6—h7—c8—d9—e10—gSectionBPassage1I.ReadingComprehension1.Whatisthenormalrangeofhumanbodytemperature?96.5-99.5ºF(36-38ºC)2.Describethepathwaysofheatlossthroughtheskin.Sincetheskincoversthebody,mostbodyheat

2、islostfromtheskintotheenvironment.Thearteriolesinthedermismayconstrictordilatetodecreaseorincreasebloodflow,therebydecreasingheatlossorincreasinglossofheattotheenvironment.Theothermechanismbywhichheatislostfromtheskinissweating.Smallamountsofheatarealsolostinwh

3、atiscalled“insensiblewaterloss”3.Explainwhythehypothalamusiscalledthethermostatofthebody.Thehypothalamusisresponsiblefortheregulationofbodytemperature,andisconsideredthe“thermostat”ofthebody.Asthethermostat,thehypothalamusmaintainsthe“setting”ofbodytemperatureb

4、ybalancingheatproductionandheatlosstokeepthebodyatthesettemperature.4.Explainwhatismeantbymetabolicrateandkilocalorie.Metabolicrateisusuallyexpressedasanamountofheatproduction.Theenergyavailablefromfoodismeasuredinkilocalories(kcal).Kilocaloriesarealsotheunitsu

5、sedtomeasuretheenergyexpendedbythebody.5—B6—D7—A8—B9—A10—DII.VocabularyStudyPartA1—Vasodilation2—metabolism3—Anabolism4—neurons5—dehydration6—hemoglobin7—catabolism8—thyroxine9—digestive10—peristalsisPartB1—Transferring2—saturate3—fluctuate4—evaporate5—radiatio

6、n6—encompass7—humidity8—generate9—convection10—disperseIII.TranslationPartA1.Ateitherendoftheagespectrum,however,temperatureregulationmaynotbeaspreciseasitisinolderchildrenoryoungeradults.然而，在年龄段两端的人群，其体温调节精确程度都不如少年或青年人。2.Thepathwaysofheatlossfromthebodyarethes

7、kin,respiratorytract,andtoalesserextent,theurinaryanddigestivetracts.人体散热途径是经皮肤、呼吸道，少量经尿道和消化道散热。3.Changesinbodytemperaturealsohaveaneffectonmetabolicrateandheatproduction.Thisbecomesclinicallyimportantwhenapersonhasafever,anabnormallyhighbodytemperature.人体体温的变化

8、也会影响代谢率和产热。当一个人发热、体温异常升高时，从临床上讲，体温变化就显得重要了。4.Anabolismmeanssynthesisor“formation”reactions,thebondingtogetherofsmallermoleculestoformlargerones.合成代谢是指综合或“形成”性反应，即把小的分子结合在一起形