动词与动词短语辩异

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1、动词与动词短语辩异南开外语学院黄跃华教授6．动词与动词短语辨异(1)abandon*,desert,discardabandon指放弃对某人或某物的控制或占有而任由他人摆布，常常带有迫于形势而不得不放弃之意。如：Thescientistabandonedhisresearchforlackoffund.Abandonship!desert指违背承诺、监护责任和义务而放弃某人或某物，如：Allmyfriendshavedesertedme.Hefeltguiltyatdesertinghiswife.discard是指丢弃一个已无利用价值的或已成为负担或包袱的人或物，如：Let’sdiscard

2、someoftheseoldnewspapers.Hediscardedformerfriends.(2)adaptto,adaptforadaptto意为“适应；使…适应”，如：Ittookmeawhiletoadapttothenewjob.Sheadaptedherselfquicklytothenewjob.adaptfor“改编”，如：HeisbusyadaptingPaul’slatestmovieforTelevision.(3)agreeon,agreewith,agreetoagreeon是指会谈或交涉的各方在某问题上达成协议或一致，如：Bothpartiesagreedon

3、thepeaceformulaatthesummitmeeting.在高峰会议上双方就和平方案达成协议。agreewith是指主观上赞成某人或某人的观点，如：Iagreewithyou.DoyouagreewithwhatIsaid?agreeto指主观上虽不情愿但又不得不接受或认可某事，如：Ifinditimpossibletoagreetoyourterms.我觉得无法接受你提出的条件。Thepresidenthadtoagreetothestudents’demandthatthetuitionbelowered.(4)allot,allocate,apportionallot指较随意的

4、、无计划的分配，不含有平等分配的意思，如：Ihaveallottedsixdollarsamonthforbusfaresandtwentydollarsamonthforlunches.Aspecialtaskwasallottedtoeachperson.apportion则表示遵循某种公平分配的原则，根据所需按比例分配，如：Thetourleaderapportionedexpensesamongthe35people.allocate多指钱物、财产、供给、领土或权力的分配，带有明确的拨发的含义，如：Halfofthemedicalsupplieshavealreadybeenalloc

5、atedtothevictimsoftheearthquake.Weallocatedthesocietysomemoney.Thatspacehasalreadybeenallocatedforbuildinganewhospital.(5)announce,declare,proclaimannounce是指首次公开引起公众兴趣、好奇或关注的事情。如：Thevotewascompleted.Thepresidentannouncedtheresult.SenatorEdwardKennedyannouncedhiscandidacyforPresident.declare通常是指在正式场合

6、下毫不隐晦甚或是直白地宣布一件事，如：Bulgariahaddeclaredherindependencein1908.Wedeclarethatthetimehascometoalterthisstateofaffair.proclaim指在公共场合通过口头或其他声音（如号角）来大声宣告，如：Theringingbellsproclaimedthenewsofthebirthoftheprince.Thesalesmanproclaimedthathisherbwouldcureallills.(6)appoint,designatedesignate指由某一实权人物或权力机构选定某人出任某

7、职务，该词常含有在上任之前很早就已选定之意。如：IamdesignatingyoutoactformewhileIamaway.ShehasbeendesignatedastheMinisterforEducation.appoint指未经投票表决而任命某人，且做出任命的人或机构具有法律赋予的这种权力。如：Hewasappointedministertoaforeigncountry.Mr.Smi