[大英百科全书指南丛书].The.Britannica.Guide.to.Political.and.Social.Movements.That.Changed.the.Modern.World

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1、Publishedin2010byBritannicaEducationalPublishing(atrademarkofEncyclopædiaBritannica,Inc.)inassociationwithRosenEducationalServices,LLC29East21stStreet,NewYork,NY10010.Copyright©2010EncyclopædiaBritannica,Inc.Britannica,EncyclopædiaBritannica,andtheThistlelogoareregisteredtrademarks

2、ofEncyclopædiaBritannica,Inc.Allrightsreserved.RosenEducationalServicesmaterialscopyright©2010RosenEducationalServices,LLC.Allrightsreserved.DistributedexclusivelybyRosenEducationalServices.ForalistingofadditionalBritannicaEducationalPublishingtitles,calltollfree(800)237-9932.First

3、EditionBritannicaEducationalPublishingMichaelI.Levy:ExecutiveEditorMarilynL.Barton:SeniorCoordinator,ProductionControlStevenBosco:Director,EditorialTechnologiesLisaS.Braucher:SeniorProducerandDataEditorYvetteCharboneau:SeniorCopyEditorKathyNakamura:Manager,MediaAcquisitionHeatherM.

4、Campbell:SeniorEditor,GeographyandHistoryRosenEducationalServicesJeanneNagle:SeniorEditorLauraCummings:EditorNelsonSá:ArtDirectorMatthewCauli:DesignerIntroductionbyJeriFreedmanLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataTheBritannicaguidetopoliticalandsocialmovementsthatchangedth

5、emodernworld/editedbyHeatherM.Campbell.—1sted.p.cm.—(Turningpointsinhistory)“InassociationwithBritannicaEducationalPublishing,RosenEducationalServices.”ISBN978-1-61530-062-4(eBook)1.History,Modern.2.Liberalism—History.3.Conservatism—History.4.Socialism—History.5.Communism—History.6

6、.Fascism—History.7.Anarchism—History.8.Democracy—History.9.Nationalism—History.10.Socialmovements—History.I.Campbell,HeatherM.D208.B682010322.4—dc222009037443Onthecover:PragueresidentsresistapproachingSoviettanksduring1968’sPragueSpringreformmovement.Changebroughtaboutbypoliticalan

7、dsocialmovementsisoftenmetwithopposition,fromheateddebatetophysicalviolence.LIBORHAJSKY/AFP/GettyImagesCONTENTSIntroduction1065Chapter1:Liberalism19ClassicalLiberalism20ThomasHobbes22JohnLocke23WhigandTory24Jean-JacquesRousseau26LiberalismandDemocracy27SeparationofPowers30PeriodicE

8、lections30Rights31Classica