醋酸纤维素聚丙烯腈复合超滤膜的制备

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1、摘要本文以醋酸纤维素(CA)及聚丙烯腈(PAN)为膜材料，以纳米三氧化二铝(A12031为添加剂，通过浸入一沉淀相转化法制备了有机一无机超滤膜，从铸膜液组成及成膜条件两个方面考察成膜规律，并对膜进行了酸、碱水解改性实验。在铸膜液组成方面，考察了纳米舢203的含量对铸膜液粘度、膜接触角、机械性能、水通量及截留率的影响。成膜条件方面主要考察了凝固浴温度及凝固浴中表面活性剂的浓度。水解改性实验主要考察了不同浓度的NaOH的乙醇溶液以及不同浓度HCl溶液对膜性能的影响。实验结果表明，纳米他03的加入使铸膜液的粘度大大增加，更易成膜；随着纳米粒子含量的增加，膜与水的接触角降低，亲水性增强；膜的断裂强度及

2、断裂伸长率增大，膜的机械性能得到改善。膜表层孔径及空隙率先增大后减小，水通量增大，截留率减小。在一定温度下，膜表面孔径及孔隙率随凝固浴温度的增加而变大，水通量增大，截留率降低。凝固浴中加入表面活性剂，膜的水通量及截留率得到改善。采用NaOH的乙醇溶液对膜进行水解改性时，机械性能大大降低，效果不理想；不同浓度HCI溶液对膜改性，膜水通量降低，截留率提高，耐污染性得到很大改善。关键词：醋酸纤维素；聚丙烯腈；超滤膜；纳米三氧化二铝AbstractCA／PANcompositeultrafiltrationmembranesWerepreparedbyphasereversemethodusingna

3、no—A1203asadditives．Thecompositionofcastingsolutionandmembraneformingconditionwel'estudied．HCIsolutionandalcoholesolutionofNaOHwgreusedtomodifythemembrane．Theconcentrationofnano-A1203werechangedwhileconsideringthecastingsolution．Compositionandvisieosityofcastingsolution，contactangle,mechanicalperfor

4、mance，waterfluxandrejectionofBSAsolutionwerestudied．Thetemperatureofwaterbathandsodiumdodecylsulfate(SDS)concentrationinthebathwerechangedwhileconsideringthemembraneformingconditionandtheconcentrationofNaOHandHCIsolutionwerechangedwhileconsideringmodifingprocess．Experimentresultsshowedthattheadditiv

5、esofnano-A-1203increasedtheviscosityandthemembraneprocessbecamemucheasier．Increasingtheconcentrationofnano-A1203，thecontactangledecreased—hydrophilyincreased．Thetensilestrcnthandbreakingdongationincreased-themechanicalpropertyimproved．Theporesandfactorofporosityincreasedfirstlyandthendecreased．Thefl

6、uxincreasedandrejectiondecreased．Undersometemperaturespores，factorofporosityandfluxincreasedbyimprovingtemperaturesandtherejectiondecreased．ProperadditionofSDScanimprover叼eefionandfluxofmembrane．．AftermodifiedbyNaOHalcohoholesolution，themechnicalpropertydecreasedandtheresultWasnotgood．Whenmodifiedby

7、HCIsolutionthefluxdecreased．Therejectionandantifoulingpropertyimproved．Keywords：CA；PAN；ul舰6l虹ationmembrane；nano一灿203青岛入学硕士学位论文学位论文独创性声明本人声明，所呈交的学位论文系本人在导师指导下独立完成的研究成果。文中依法引用他人的成果，均已做出明确标注或得到许可。论文内容未包含