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1、CHAPTER62THEAORTAMargaretC.TracciandKennethJ.Cherry,Jr.fordevelopinganAAAincludeage,malegender,familyhistory,aneurysmaldiseasetobaccouse,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,andheight.Aneu-aortoiliacocclusivediseaserysmdevelopmentisalsoassociatedwiththepresenceofcon-aorticdissectionnectivetiss
2、uedisorders,suchasMarfansyndrome,andof1-11concurrentaneurysmaloratheroscleroticdisease.AneurysmalenlargementoftheaortaisassociatedwithfactorsthatresultinAdiscussionoftheaortaisabroadtopic,encompassingtheweakeningofthearterialwallandincreasedlocalhemodynamicdiagnosisandtreatmentofaneur
3、ysms,occlusivedisease,andforces.ThesemayincludeheritableconditionssuchasMarfandissectionsoftheabdominalandthoracicaorta.Inthepastsyndrome,familialthoracicaorticaneurysmanddissection2decades,endovasculartherapyhasofferedafrequentlyless(TAAD),andvascular-typeEhlers-Danlossyndrome,aswell
4、asmorbidapproachtoeachofthesediseaseentities.Therapidlesswell-definedentitiesthatcontributetothesignificantlyadoptionofendovasculartechniquesandtechnologieshasclearlyelevatedincidenceinpatientswithafamilyhistoryofaneurysm.revolutionizedthemanagementofaorticdisease.EndovascularFactorst
5、hatcontributetothedegradationofcollagenandelastinrepairofabdominalaorticaneurysms(EVAR)isperformedarealsoassociatedwithaneurysmaldisease;researchinthisareamuchmorefrequentlynowthanisopenrepair.Endovascularhasfocusedontheroleofmatrixmetalloproteinases(MMPs)repairofthoracicaorticaneurys
6、ms(TEVAR)isnowtherecom-andothermediatorsoftissueenzymefunction.Theimmunemendedfirsttreatmentoption.ThenewTrans-AtlanticInner-responsehasalsobeenimplicatedinthepathophysiologyof12SocietyConsensusguidelines(TASCIII)willrecommendaneurysmformation.endovasculartherapyasthefirstoptionforalm
7、ostalldegreesofaortoiliacocclusivedisease(AIOD).DiagnosisWehavetriedtomakethischapterrelevanttogeneralAnabdominalaneurysmmaybedetectedonphysicalexamina-surgeryresidentstrainingintheseconddecadeofthe21sttionasapalpablepulsatilemass,mostcommonlysupraumbilicalcentury,withparticularattent
8、ionto
