《成本与管理计教学的课件》costacctgsmch精选

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1、CHAPTER23PERFORMANCEMEASUREMENT,COMPENSATION,ANDMULTINATIONALCONSIDERATIONS23-1Examplesoffinancialandnonfinancialmeasuresofperformanceare:Financial:ROI,residualincome,economicvalueadded,andreturnonsales.Nonfinancial:Customerperspective:Marketshare,customersatisfaction.Internal-business-process

2、esperspective:Manufacturingleadtime,yield,on-timeperformance,numberofnewproductlaunches,andnumberofnewpatentsfiled.Learning-and-growthperspective:employeesatisfaction,information-systemavailability.23-2Thesixstepsindesigninganaccounting-basedperformancemeasureare:1.Chooseperformancemeasurestha

3、talignwithtopmanagement’sfinancialgoals2.ChoosethetimehorizonofeachperformancemeasureinStep13.ChooseadefinitionofthecomponentsineachperformancemeasureinStep14.ChooseameasurementalternativeforeachperformancemeasureinStep15.Chooseatargetlevelofperformance6.Choosethetimingoffeedback23-3TheDuPontm

4、ethodhighlightsthatROIisincreasedbyanyactionthatincreasesreturnonsalesorinvestmentturnover.ROIincreaseswith:1.increasesinrevenues,2.decreasesincosts,or3.decreasesininvestments,whileholdingtheothertwofactorsconstant.23-4Yes.Residualincome(RI)isnotidenticaltoreturnoninvestment(ROI).ROIisapercent

5、agewithinvestmentasthedenominatorofthecomputation.RIisanabsolutemonetaryamountwhichincludesanimputedinterestchargebasedoninvestment.23-5Economicvalueadded(EVA)isaspecifictypeofresidualincomemeasurethatiscalculatedasfollows:=–23-6DefinitionsofinvestmentusedinpracticewhencomputingROIare:1.Totala

6、ssetsavailable2.Totalassetsemployed3.Totalassetsemployedminuscurrentliabilities4.Stockholders’equity23-3223-7Currentcostisthecostofpurchasinganassettodayidenticaltotheonecurrentlyheldifanidenticalassetcancurrentlybepurchased;itisthecostofpurchasinganassetthatprovidesservicesliketheonecurrently

7、heldifanidenticalassetcannotbepurchased.Historical-cost-basedmeasuresofROIcomputetheassetbaseastheoriginalpurchasecostofanassetminusanyaccumulateddepreciation.Somecommentatorsarguethatcurrentcostisorientedtocurrentprices,whilehistorical