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1、第一篇CaptainCookArrowLegend(库克船长弓箭的传说)Itwasagreatlegendwhileitlasted,butDNAtestinghasfinallyendedatwo-century-oldstoryoftheHawaiianarrowcarvedfromtheboneofBritishexplorerCaptainJamesCookwhodiedintheSandwichIslandsin1779.“ThereisnoCookintheAustralianMuseum,”museumcollectionmanage
2、rJudePhilipsaidnotlongagoinannouncingtheDNAevidencethatthearrowwasnotmadeofCook’sbone.Butthatwillnotstopthemuseumfromcontinuingtodisplaythearrowinitsexhibition,“Uncovered:TreasuresoftheAustralianMuseum,”whichdoesincludeafeathercapepresentedtoCookbyHawaiianKingKalani’opu’uin177
3、8.CookwasoneofBritain’sgreatexplorersandiscreditedwithdiscoveringthe“GreatSouthLand,”nowAustralia,in1770.HewasclubbedtodeathintheSandwichIslands,nowHawaii.ThelegendofCook’sarrowbeganin1824whenHawaiianKingKamehamehaonhisdeathbedgavethearrowtoWilliamAdams,aLondonsurgeonandrelati
4、veofCook’swife,sayingitwasmadeofCook’sboneafterthefatalfightwithislanders.Inthe1890sthearrowwasgiventotheAustralianMuseumandthelegendcontinueduntilitcameface-to-facewithscience.DNAtestingbylaboratoriesinAustraliaandNewZealandrevealedthearrowwasnotmadeofCook’sbonebutwasmorelike
5、lymadeofanimalbone,saidPhilp.However,Cook’sfansrefusetogiveuphopethatoneCooklegendwillprovetrueandthatpartofhisremainswillstillbeuncovered,astheysaythereisevidencenotallofCook’sbodywasburiedatseain1779.“Onthisoccasiontechnologyhaswon,”saidCliffThornton,presidentoftheCaptainCoo
6、kSociety,inastatementfromBritain.“ButIamsurethatoneofthesedays…oneoftheCooklegendswillprovetobetrueanditwillhappenoneday.”第二篇AvalancheandItsSafety(雪崩和安全问题)Anavalancheisasuddenandrapidflowofsnow,oftenmixedwithairandwater,downamountainside.Avalanchesareamongthebiggestdangersinth
7、emountainsforbothlifeandproperty.Allavalanchesarecausedbyanover-burdenofmaterial,typicallysnowpack,thatistoomassiveandunstablefortheslopethatsupportsit.Determiningthecriticalload,theamountofover-burdenwhichislikelytocauseanavalanche,isacomplextaskinvolvingtheevaluationofanumbe
8、roffactors.Terrainslopesflatterthan25degreesorsteeperthan60de
