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1、英文原文GoogleAndroid:AComprehensiveSecurityAssessmentAsanoperatingsystemformobiledevices,Google’sAndroid—anopen,programmablesoftwareframework—isvulnerabletotypicalsmart-phoneattacks.Suchattackscanmakethephonepartiallyorfullyunusable,causeunwantedSMS/MMS(sh
2、ortmessageservice/multi-mediamessagingservice)billing,orexposeprivateinformation.1Smart-phoneattackvectorsincludecellularnetworks,Bluetooth,theInternet(viaWi-Fi,GeneralPacketRadioService/EnhancedDataRatesforGlobalEvolution,or3Gnetworkaccess),USB,andothe
3、rperipherals.2Smart-phonemalwareevolveveryquicklyduetotheexperiencemalwarewritershavegainedwithPCmalware.AsAlexanderGostevestimates,3twoyearsaresufficientforsmart-phonevirusestoevolvetoalevelthatcomputervirusesonlyreachedafter20years.Thus,thechallengein
4、ensuringsmart-phonesecurityisbecomingsimilartothatconfrontingthePC.4Amongthemostprominentsmart-phonemalwaretypesaretheLasco/Cabir5andCommwarrior/Mabirwormfamilies,6theFlex-iSpy,RedBrowser,andSkullsTrojanhorses,theWinCE.DutsandCardTrapviruses,7and,recent
5、ly,theiPhoneikeewormandiPhone/Privacy.Ahack-ingtoolthatexploitedvulnerabilitiesinjail-brokeniPhonesystems.Sofar,smart-phonepandemicoutbreakshavebeenlimitedintheirscaleandimpactduetoare-strictednumberofpotentialvictims.Nevertheless,smart-phonemarketshare
6、intheUShasincreasedfrom11percentofallcellularphonesubscribersin2008to17percentin2009,anditisexpectedtoin-creasesignificantlyoverthenextfewyears.8Conse-quently,smartphonesarelikelytobecomeafertilegroundforvarioustypesofmalware.Thenumberofsmartphonesbased
7、ontheGoogleAndroidoperatingsystemareexpectedtoincrease10percentduring2010.8TheriskstoAndroidarenever-thelesssignificant,mainlybecauseit’sanopensourcesoftwarestackoperatedinaheterogenicmobileen-vironment.Thus,hackerscanmoreeasilyaccess,manipulate,andexpl
8、oittheoperatingsystemcode.Here,wereviewandassessthesecuritymechanismsincorporatedintoGoogle’snewAndroidframeworkandwhetherthey’readequateinlightoftheemergingthreatstosmartphones.Androidisanapplicationexecutionenvironmentformobile
