外文翻译--燃煤发电成本和性能趋势

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1、外文原文Coal-FiredGenerationCostandPerformanceTrendsIncreasingregulatoryrequirementsandafocusonreducingcarbonemissionsintheU.S.havesignificantlyreducedthenumberofnewcoal-firedplantsunderdevelopmentcomparedwithpastyears.Inaddition,projectedcapitalcostsfornewcoal-firedpl

2、antshaverisensharplyinthepastyear,whilethosefornaturalgascombined-cycleandcombustionturbineshavestayedrelativelyflat.Inordertokeepcoalaviableenergysource,manycountries,includingtheU.S.,areseekingwaystoimproveplantefficiencywhilereducingcarbonemissions.ByDaleProbasco

3、andBobRuhlman,NavigantCoal-firedgeneration,bothexistingandproposed,isunderheavypressureto“cleanupitsact”ifitwantstoremainaviablefuelforpowergeneration.ThelatestU.S.EnergyInformationAssociation(EIA)predictionsofU.S.electricitygenerationestimatethatthepercentageofU.

4、S.electricitygeneratedbythecombustionofcoalwilldeclineby2%,from45%to43%,between2009and2035TheEIAAnnualEnergyOutlook2011(AEO)referencecaseestimatesthat21GW(suppliedbyapproximately30to35newunits)willbeaddedduringthisroughly25-yearperiodandthatcoalwillremainthedominant

5、energysourceintheabsenceofanyfederallymandatedpolicytoreducecarbonemissions.Manyindustryobserversconsiderthisa“best-case”scenario,asthecontinueduncertaintyoverfutureemissionregulationscontinuestodampeninterestincommittingtonewcoal-firedgenerationprojects.TheAEO2011r

6、eferencecasealsoseesaheavyrelianceontheexistingcoal-firedfleettomeetthenation’selectricitydemandinfutureyears.Undoubtedly,wherepossible,plantownerswillcontinuemakinginvestmentstoimprovetheoperatingefficiencyoftheexistingfleet.Apleasantsidebenefitofimprovedplanteffi

7、ciencyisareductionincarbondioxideemissions.However,asnewgenerationcomesonlinetomeetthepredictedincreaseinelectricitydemand,less-efficientolderunitsthatcannotbeeconomicallymodifiedtomeetmorestringentemissionrequirementswilllikelyberetired.TheExistingCoal-FiredFleet

8、Thecurrentportfolioofcoal-firedgenerationintheU.S.wasashadeover338GWofinstallednameplatecapacityfor1.436unitsattheendof2009,thelastfullye