资源描述：
《《英美文学史》word版》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、UnitOneTheAnglo-SaxonPeriodnI.HistoricalBackgroundnII.Anglo-SaxonPoetrynIII.Anglo-SaxonProseI.HistoricalBackgroundTheEnglishpeopleareacomplicatedrace.ThefirstinhabitantsoftheislandwerecommonlyknownastheCelts(orKelts).n55BCsawtheinvasionoftheislandheadedbyJuliusCa
2、esar.Duringtheinvasiontheseaborigines（土著人）CeltswithdrewtotheWelshandScottishmountainsandleftagreatpartofEnglandtotheRomans.nNotuntilthe5thcenturydidtheRomanswithdrew.EnglandhadbeenmadeaRomanProvincesince80AD.AstheRomanlegionswithdrew,theCeltscameback.nOriginallyt
3、henameAnglo-SaxondenotestwoofthethreeGermanic（日尔曼）tribes---Angles,SaxonsandJutes--whointhemiddleofthe5thcenturylefttheirhomesontheshoresoftheNorthSeaandtheBaltic（波罗的海）toconquerandcolonizedistantBritain.TheylivedinthenortherntopofGermanyandthesouthernpartofDenmark
4、atthattime.nThehistoricaldatethatisworthmemorizingis449AD.nThesethreeinvadingtribescametosettledown:AnglesinthenorthofThames,JutesmainlyinthesouthwestcalledKent（英国东南部郡）,andSaxonsintheotherplaces.EnglishliteratureoriginatedintheAnglesandSaxonswhoformedaliterarytra
5、ditionoftheirown.nImportanthistoricalevents:1.Heptarchy（七王国）:nTheinformalconfederation（联邦）oftheAnglo-Saxonkingdomsfromthefifthtotheninthcentury,consistingofKent,Sussex,Wessex,Essex,79Northumbria,EastAnglia,andMercia.2.theVikingsinvasion:nVikings,collectivedesigna
6、tionofNordic（北欧人）people—Danes,Swedes,Norwegians—whoexploredabroadduringaperiodofdynamicScandinavianexpansionfromaboutAD800to1100.nLandshortage,improvedironproduction,andtheneedfornewmarketsprobablyallplayedapartinVikingexpansion.3.KingAlfredtheGreat:nIn871,Ethelr
7、edofWessexisdefeatedbyDanishforcesJanuary4atReading,gainsabrilliantvictory4dayslateratAshdown,isdefeatedJanuary22atBasing,triumphsagainMarch2atMartoninWiltshire,butdiesinApril.nHisbrother,22,paystribute（贡物）totheDanesbutwillreignuntil899andbecalledAlfredtheGreat.4
8、.Canute(994?-1035):nKingofEngland(1016-1035),Denmark(1018-1035),andNorway(1028-1035)whosereign,atfirstbrutal,waslatermarkedbywisdomandtemperance.nHeisthesubjec
