foreign judgments – constraints in economic 外国判决的–约束经济

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1、FOREIGNJUDGMENTS–CONSTRAINTSINECONOMICDEVELOPMENTPurposeofpaperInourinterconnectedworldcommerceisincreasinglyconductednotonlyacrossnationalbordersbutbetweenpartiesfrommutuallyalienlanguages,culture,politicalandlegalsystemsandoversubstantialphysicaldistancesth

2、atgreatlyhampertheircapacitytoenforcelegalrightsagainsteachotheriftheneedarises.Itiscriticalinensuringreliabilityandintegrityofinternationalcommercethatbothpartiesareabletoreadilyandcosteffectivelyenforcetheirlegalrights.Thepurposeofthispaperistoreviewtheeffe

3、ctivenessofthemechanismspresentlyavailablefor:·theenforcementinAustraliaofforeignjudgmentsforthepaymentofmoney;and·theenforcementofthejudgmentsofAustraliancourtsinforeignjurisdictionsSystemsandprocessesthatfacilitatethepromptandcosteffectiveexerciseoflegalrig

4、htsacrossnationalboundariesareimportanttotheeconomicdevelopmentofAustralia.Internationallyintheareaofe-commercealonetradehasgrownfromvirtuallyzerotoinexcessofUS$1trillionperannuminthelast15years.About85%ofthesetransactionsareB2Bcommerce(i.e.betweenbusinesses)

5、andtheremaining15%consumertransactions.1Theseissuesareexploredindetailinapaper“ConsumersasInternationalTraders:SomePotentialInformationIssuesforConsumerProtectionRegulators”byDavidKRoundandJeremyTustin*CentreforRegulationandMarketAnalysis,UniversityofSouthAus

6、traliaPaperpresentedatInternationalTradeLawConference,Attorney-General’sDepartment,Canberra,23September2004CHART1-GROWTHINTOTALTRADE1990–2009Inthelast20yearsthetotalvalueofAustraliantradeasmorethantrebled.CHART2-AUSTRALIA’SMAJORTRADINGPARTNERSOurtradeisincrea

7、singlydominatedbycountrieswithintheAsianregion.CHART3-E-COMMERCEASCONTRIBUTORTOGROWTHINTRADE15Australiaisamongstthetoponethirdofcountriesworldwidewhosebusinessesengageininternetcommerce.Importantlyasat2006almosthalfAustralianbusinessesreportedplacingordersvia

8、theinternet.Whilstwedonotknowhowmanyofthosetransactionswerewithbusinesseslocatedoverseas,totheextentthattheywereAustralianbusinesswereexposedintheeventofdefaultbytheotherpartyinitscontrac