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1、SupportedExperimentsGeoffPettyMarch2003Summary:Teachingqualityhasatleastthreetimestheeffectonstudentsuccessasanyotherfactor*,buthowcanweimproveteaching?Researchshowsthatifteachersaretoimprove,theymustspendalittletimeeachweekdeliberatelyexperimentingwithnewapproaches.Whi
2、letheyexperimentresearchalsoshowsthattheywillneedthesupportoffeedbackandcoaching.Without‘SupportedExperiments’,orsomethingverylikethem,teachingwillnotchange,andnorwillstudentsuccessrates.Teachersmustexperimenttoimprove.ResearchReviews**onthedevelopmentofexcellenceinever
3、yfieldofhumanendeavourshowthatskillisnotdependentoninnatetalent,butonthetotaltimespenton‘deliberatepractice’toimprovetheskill.CharlesDesforges,ProfessorofEducationatExeterUniversityhasstressedtherelevanceofthisfindingtotheimprovementofteaching.Ericssonfoundthatthemostab
4、lescientists,engineers,musicians,chessplayers,athletes,etc,makeuseof“deliberatepractice”ofaboutfourhoursaday.Thisisnotjust“doingitagain”.Deliberatepracticeinvolvesdeliberatelygettingoutofyour‘comfortzone’todothingsdifferently,andbetter.Itmeanslearningaboutwhatworksandth
5、entryingit,itmeansimprovingweaknesses.It’spersonalresearchanddevelopment.During‘deliberatepractice’skilllevelsdropforashorttimeasthatskillislearned,butrisethereafterbecauseofthebenefitofthenewskill.E.g.atwofingertypistbecomingatouchtypistwillbeslower-atfirst.Thosewhoach
6、ieveexcellencecontinuallyexperimentlikethis,pushingthemselvestolearnandtoimprove.Researchersregarddeliberatepracticeasbyfarthemaincauseofexcellenceineverydomain.Incredibly,‘talent’orIQhashardlyanymeasurableeffect,eveninareaslikemusicoracademia–(unlessitisatalentfordelib
7、eratepractice!)World-classperformersineverydomainhavebehindthematotalofabout10yearsofdeliberatepracticeataboutfourhoursperday.Noexceptionshavebeenfound.Deliberatepracticeishardwork,fourhoursadayisaboutasmuchasanyonecanmanage.Isuggestuptoonehouraweekforteachers.(Initiald
8、ropinskillduetoanexperiment)deliberatepracticetimeskillnodeliberatepracticeThosewhoonlyachievelowstandardsatwo
