department of atomic energy：原子能部

《department of atomic energy：原子能部》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。

1、DepartmentofAtomicEnergyAdministrativeTrainingInstituteHowtoreadaPeriodicTable-SelfInstructionalMaterialContents:1.Introduction2.Definitions3.Whoinvented“PeriodicTable”4.Whatisa“PeriodicTable”5.Howdowereadthe“PeriodicTable”6.Acknowledgement7.References8

2、.Twodownloadedperiodictables(Textversion&pictureversion)9.Disclaimer1.IntroductionAtom-1Atom-2WhyareyouSad?Ilost1electron!Atom-1Atom-2Areyousure?Iampositive!1.1Thisentireself-instructionalmaterialonPeriodicalTableisatributetoourgreatvisionaryDr.HomiJ.Bh

3、abhawhoisthefatherofAtomicEnergyProgrammeinIndia.Source:Idea(www.Sciencealive.ca)(cartoonstrip-owncreation)1.2AtomicEnergyisalsoknownasNuclearEnergy.WhiletalkingaboutAtomicEnergy,whyshouldwelearnabout“PeriodicTable”.Hereistheanswer.Foradeeperunderstandi

4、ngoftheAtomicEnergy,itisessentialthatweknowhowtoreadandinterpreta“PeriodicTable”.Itisverysimple.ThefollowingfewstepscanhelpyoutoreadandunderstandthearrangementoftheElementsinPeriodicTable.Itisveryinterestingtoo!2.Definitions:Hopeyouarereadytogoaheadnow.

5、Ithinkitwouldbeworthwhileifweunderstandsomeoftheimportantdefinitionsfirst.Shallwefirstdiscusssomeofthemsothatwecancomprehendtheentirematerialinabettermanner?Soherewego!AKeyWordsDefinitionsAtomAtomsarethebasicbuildingblocksofmatterthatmakeupeverydayobjec

6、ts.Adesk,theair,evenyouaremadeupofatoms!Anatomhasanucleus.Thisismadeupofprotronsandnutrons.Nucleusissurroundedbyelectronsorbitingincloudlikeshells.AtomicNumberTheatomicnumberisequaltothenumberofprotonsinanatom'snucleusTheatomicnumberdetermineswhicheleme

7、ntanatomis.Inotherwordsthechemicalpropertiesofanelement.Forexample,any7DepartmentofAtomicEnergyAdministrativeTrainingInstituteHowtoreadaPeriodicTable-SelfInstructionalMaterialatomthatcontainsexactly47protonsinitsnucleusisanatomofsilver.AtomicorChemicalS

8、ymbolThesearealmostalwaysoneortwolettersthatrepresentanelement.TheyareusedworldwideandusuallyrelatetothenameoftheelementortheLatinnameoftheelement.Anexampleofthisis“O”forOxygenand“Ca”forCalcium.AtomicWeightTheatomicweightofanelem