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1、第11天-科普知识与现代技术1DOnJune26,2000,twoscientists,calledFrancisCollinsandCraigVenter,toldtheworldthattheycouldnowreadthewhole"map"ofhumanbody:DNA.DNAissomethingthateverybodyhas,andittellsthebodywhattodo.DNAisthereasonwhywelooklikeourmotherandfather,becausewegets
2、omeoftheirDNAtomakeourown.Peoplehavebeentryingtounderstandthehumanbodyforalongtime.In1860,GregorMendeldiscoveredaspecialreasonwhywelookthesameasotherpeopleinourfamily.Itisbecauseofsmallthingsnamed"genes"inourbody.In1953,JamesWatsonandFrancisCrickmadeanothe
3、rdiscoveryandfoundoutthatthosesmallpartsarerealmessageswrittenintheDNAwithaspeciallanguage.In1961,MarshallNirenbergandJohannMatthaeifoundamessageinDNAshowinghowDNAtellsthecell（细胞）tobuilditsparts.ScientistshavenowfoundallthewordsintheDNAmap,butwestilldonotu
4、nderstandwhattheyalldo.Byunderstandingwhatjustone"word"means,wecanhelpsavemorepeoplefromseveralillnesses.Mostpeoplehopethatthiswillhelpmakebettermedicineandhelpsickpeople.Otherpeopleworrythatwhenpeoplebegintoknowmorewordsandfindoutlotsofotherinformation,we
5、mightuseitinawrongway,justtomakepeoplemoreattractive,orstopsickpeoplefromgettingjobs.ManwouldhavetomeetalotoftroubleifDNAtechnicwasn'tlimitedinuse.（1）Whendidwefirstknowwhywelooklikeotherpeopleinourfamily?A.In1860.B.In1953.C.In1961.D.In2000.（2）Whatdoestheun
6、derlinedword"gene"mean?A.The"map"ofDNAB.AspeciallanguageC.SmallpartsofDNAD.DNA（3）Whatdidthetwoscientistsfirstdiscoverin1961?A.The"map"ofDNAB.AnewillnessC.ThelanguageofDNAD.AmessageofDNA（4）Whatcanwedoifweunderstandsome"words"ofthelanguageinsidethebody?A.Mak
7、epeoplegetnewjobs.B.Makemedicineforillnesses.C.Makemapsofhuman.D.Makepeoplelessattractive.（5）Whatdopeoplethinkaboutthiswork?A.Itcancausegoodorbadresults.第1页(共3页)B.Itcancauseonlygoodresults.C.Itcancausegoodresultsbutwon’twork.D.Itcancauseonlybadresults.答案（1
8、）A（2）C（3）D（4）B（5）A解析（1）细节题。根据第二段第二句In1860,GregorMendeldiscoveredaspecialreasonwhywelookthesameasotherpeopleinourfamily可知，GregorMendel在1860年发现了为何我们和家人长得像的具体原因。故选A。（2）猜测词句题。根据第二段最后一句In1953,JamesWatsonandFrancis
