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1、第11天-科普知识与现代技术1DOnJune26,2000,twoscientists,calledFrancisCollinsandCraigVenter,toldtheworldthattheycouldnowreadthewhole"map"ofhumanbody:DNA.DNAissomethingthateverybodyhas,andittellsthebodywhattodo.DNAisthereasonwhywelooklikeourmotherandfather,becausewegets
2、omeoftheirDNAtomakeourown.Peoplehavebeentryingtounderstandthehumanbodyforalongtime.In1860,GregorMendeldiscoveredaspecialreasonwhywelookthesameasotherpeopleinourfamily.Itisbecauseofsmallthingsnamed"genes"inourbody.In1953,JamesWatsonandFrancisCrickmadeanothe
3、rdiscoveryandfoundoutthatthosesmallpartsarerealmessageswrittenintheDNAwithaspeciallanguage.In1961,MarshallNirenbergandJohannMatthaeifoundamessageinDNAshowinghowDNAtellsthecell(细胞)tobuilditsparts.ScientistshavenowfoundallthewordsintheDNAmap,butwestilldonotu
4、nderstandwhattheyalldo.Byunderstandingwhatjustone"word"means,wecanhelpsavemorepeoplefromseveralillnesses.Mostpeoplehopethatthiswillhelpmakebettermedicineandhelpsickpeople.Otherpeopleworrythatwhenpeoplebegintoknowmorewordsandfindoutlotsofotherinformation,we
5、mightuseitinawrongway,justtomakepeoplemoreattractive,orstopsickpeoplefromgettingjobs.ManwouldhavetomeetalotoftroubleifDNAtechnicwasn'tlimitedinuse.(1)Whendidwefirstknowwhywelooklikeotherpeopleinourfamily?A.In1860.B.In1953.C.In1961.D.In2000.(2)Whatdoestheun
6、derlinedword"gene"mean?A.The"map"ofDNAB.AspeciallanguageC.SmallpartsofDNAD.DNA(3)Whatdidthetwoscientistsfirstdiscoverin1961?A.The"map"ofDNAB.AnewillnessC.ThelanguageofDNAD.AmessageofDNA(4)Whatcanwedoifweunderstandsome"words"ofthelanguageinsidethebody?A.Mak
7、epeoplegetnewjobs.B.Makemedicineforillnesses.C.Makemapsofhuman.D.Makepeoplelessattractive.(5)Whatdopeoplethinkaboutthiswork?A.Itcancausegoodorbadresults.第1页(共3页)B.Itcancauseonlygoodresults.C.Itcancausegoodresultsbutwon’twork.D.Itcancauseonlybadresults.答案(1
8、)A(2)C(3)D(4)B(5)A解析(1)细节题。根据第二段第二句In1860,GregorMendeldiscoveredaspecialreasonwhywelookthesameasotherpeopleinourfamily可知,GregorMendel在1860年发现了为何我们和家人长得像的具体原因。故选A。(2)猜测词句题。根据第二段最后一句In1953,JamesWatsonandFrancis