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《交通工程专业英语翻译theevolutionoftransport》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、TheEvolutionofTransport交通运输业的发展Theevolutionoftransporthasbeencloselylinkedtothedevelopmentofhumankindthroughouttheearth?shistory・Transport?searlyfunctionwastomeetthebasicneedofhaulingfoodsuppliesandbuildingmaterials.Butwiththeformationoftribes,thenpeoples,andfinallynations,thesocietalandeconomicfu
2、nctionsoftransportbecamemoreandmorecomplex.Atfirsttherewasmobilityrequiredforindividuals,clans,households,andanimalstoprotectthemagainst,andtoescapefrom,thedangersofnaturaldisastersandtribalaggressions,andinthesearchforthebestplacestosettle・Astribalgroupsformedandgraduallyestablishedtheirgeographi
3、calidentity,transportwasincreasinglyneededtoopenupregionsfordevelopment,toprovideaccesstonaturalresources,topromoteintercommunaltrade,andtomobilizeterritorialdefense・Whenthefirstnationscameintobeing,transportplayedamajorroleinestablishingnationalintegrity・交通运输的发展一直密切联系在一起的人类发展的整个地球的历史。运输的早期功能是为了满足
4、提供食物供给和搬运建筑材料。但是随着部落甚至最后国家的形成，运输的社会和经济功能越来越复杂。起初有需要调动个人，家族，家庭和动物以保护他们的反对，并逃避自然灾害和部族侵略的危险，寻找最好的地方定居。随着种族部落的形成和地理界线的逐步确定，开发新区域、开采新资源、发展社区间的贸易以及捍卫领地，这些都日益需要交通的发展。当第一个国家应运而生，在建立全国的完整性方面，交通运输扮演着重要角色。Afterbasicsocietalneedshadgenerallybeenattendedto,localcommunitiescouldincreasinglydevotetheireffortstoe
5、nhancingtheireconomic,cultural,andtechnologicaldevelopmentthroughtradelinkswithotherpeoplesandregions.Again,transportprovidedthemobilityrequiredforsuchintertribal,international,andfinallyintercontinentalculturalexchangeandtrade・Duringallofthisgradualdevelopmenttowardanorganizedhumansociety,represe
6、ntedtodaythroughtheinternationalfamilyofnations,transportasphysicalprocessofmovingpeopleandgoods,thuspromotingsuchdevelopment,continuouslyunderwenttechnologicalandorganizationalchanges・Suchchangeswereinducedbyseveralfactorsandcircumstances・Infact,today?stransportinitsvariousformsandorganizationala
7、rrangementsremainshighlysubjecttochangesinresponsetosocietalrequirementsandpreferences・基本的社会需求一般都得到照顾后，当地社区可以越来越多地贡献自己的努力，用来加强与其他国家的人民和他们的经济贸易联系，文化和科技发展。而且交通提供了诸如部落间、国际间乃至于洲际间便利的贸易和文化交流。在向有组织的人类社会的演变过程中，这种组织在今天是通
